We can ensure that our electronic circuits will operate consistently and reliably by:

• Designing the circuits to properly handle:
  • Normal operating conditions.
  • Start-up.
  • Termination/shut-down.
  • Unusual/abnormal operating conditions.
• Providing properly-timed input signals even under worst-case conditions.
• Providing "clean enough" input signals even under worst-case conditions (Signal Integrity, SI).
• Providing "clean enough" power even under worst-case conditions (Power Integrity, PI).

A lack of Power Integrity can cause an electronic system to:

• Randomly crash or malfunction in the lab, making hardware and software development/ testing/ qualification/ certification much more difficult and expensive, and stretching out the development process.
• Emit excessive Radiated and Conducted Emissions, making it illegal to sell the product--or even to use the product/ equipment if it interferes with other parties--unless we add expensive shielding and filtering.
• Be very sensitive to external electrical noise, making it illegal to sell the product in Europe unless we add expensive shielding and filtering.
• Randomly crash or malfunction in normal use or foreseeable misuse, frustrating users and operators, and perhaps causing:
  • Operating delays and increased operating costs.
  • Increased warranty and service costs.
  • Aborted missions.
  • Property damage.
  • Injury to people and animals.
  • Death.
  • Expensive lawsuits for the companies that manufacture, install, maintain, and use the product/ equipment.

My first book, Electronics System Design: Interference and Noise Control Techniques (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1987) discusses Power Integrity under analog and digital circuit design in:

• Chapter 5, Designing Analog Circuits.
• Chapter 6, Designing Digital Circuits.

My second and third books, Robust Electronic Design Reference Book, Volumes I and II, were published by Kluwer Academic Publishers (now part of Springer) in Mar. 2004. They discuss Power Integrity in great detail in:

• Chapter 8, Capacitors.
• Chapter 10, EMC Ferrites.
• Chapter 20, Integrated Circuits.
• Chapter 24, Designing Power Supply Circuits.
• Chapter 28, Bypassing, Decoupling, and Power Distribution.
• Chapter 31, Designing Printed Circuit Boards.
• Chapter 32, Designing Cables and Backplanes.
• Chapter 35, Filtering.
• Chapter 40, Finding and Fixing Problems.
• Chapter 42, Lab Tests.
• Chapter 44, Approval Testing.
• Appendix G, Important Properties of Printed Circuit Boards, Hybrid Modules, Flat Cables, and Busbars.

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[960] Chen, Aibing, Li, Yunqian, Yu, Yifeng, Ren, Shaofeng, Wang, Yuying, Xia, Kechan, and Li, Shuhui, "Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres for supercapacitors application," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 688 Part A, pp. 878-884, Dec. 15, 2016.

[961] Chen, Aibing, Yu, Yifeng, Xing, Tingting, Wang, Rujie, Zhang, Yue, and Li, Qing, "Synthesis of graphitic carbon spheres for enhanced supercapacitor performance," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 50 no. 16, pp. 5578-5582, Aug. 2015.

[962] Chen, Aibing, Yu, Yifeng, Li, Yuetong, Wang, Yuying, Li, Yunqian, Li, Shuhui, and Xia, Kechan, "Synthesis of macro-mesoporous carbon materials and hollow core/mesoporous shell carbon spheres as supercapacitors," Journal of Materials Science , vol. 51 no. 9, pp. 4601-4608, May 2016.

[963] Chen, Aibing, Yu, Yifeng, Xing, Tingting, Wang, Rujie, Li, Yonglei, and Li, Yuetong, "Synthesis of nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon for supercapacitors," Materials Letters, vol. 157, pp. 30-33, Oct. 15, 2015.

[964] Chen, Chang-Sheng, Lin, Yo-Shen, Chen, Wei-Ting, Shyu, Chin-Sun, Lay, Shinn-Juh, and Lee, Min-Lin, "PCB Embedded Capacitor with Central Via Connection Structure for RF Application," Electrical Design of Advanced Packaging and Systems Symposium, Seoul, Korea, Dec. 10-12, 2008, pp. 77-80.

[965] Chen, Chih-Lung, Lee, Wen-Hsi, and Wei, Wen-Cheng J., "Sintering Behavior and Interfacial Analysis of Ni/Cu Electrode with BaTiO3 Particulates," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. 14 no. 1, pp. 25-36, Jan. 2005.

[966] Chen, Chi-Te, Zhao, Jin, and Chen, Qinglun, "A Simulation Study of Simultaneous Switching Noise," 2001 Proceedings 51st Electronic Components & Technology Conference, Orlando, FL, May 29-June 1, 2001, pp. pages?.

[967] Chen, Chin-Yi, Chiang, Chi-Ying, Shih, Shao-Ju, Tsay, Chien-Yie, and Lin, Chung-Kwei, "High supercapacitive performance of sol-gel ZnO-doped manganese oxide coatings," Thin Solid Films, vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[968] Chen, Chong, Yu, Shuhui, Sun, Rong, Luo, Suibin, Weng, Lvqian, and Du, Ruxu, "Micro-structural and Interfacial Effects on the Dielectric Properties of High-k Aluminum/Epoxy Composites for Embedded Capacitors," International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology & High Density Packaging , Beijing, China, Aug. 10-13, 2009, pp. 589-592.

[969] Chen, Chunnian, Fan, Wei, Zhang, Qi, Ma, Ting, Fu, Xuwang, and Wang, Zhongbing, "In situ synthesis of cabbage like polyaniline@hydroquinone nanocomposites and electrochemical capacitance investigations," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 132 no. 29, pp. 42290-1-42290-5, Aug. 5, 2015.

[970] Chen, Chunnian, Fu, Xuwang, Fan, Wei, Ma, Ting, Wang, Zhongbing, and Miao, Shiding, "In-situ synthesis of core/shell structured polypyrrole/hydroquinone nano-beads and electrochemical capacitance investigations," Materials Letters, vol. 138, pp. 279-283, Jan. 1, 2015.

[971] Chen, Chunnian, Fu, Xuwang, Ma, Ting, Fan, Wei, Wang, Zhongbing, and Miao, Shiding, "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Graphene Oxide/Nanosulfur/Polypyrrole Ternary Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Supercapacitors," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 131 no. 18, pp. 40814-1-40814-5, Sept. 15, 2014.

[972] Chen, Deng-Yuan, Azuma, Masamichi, McMillan, Larry D., and Paz de Araujo, Carlos A., "A Simple Unified Analytical Model for Ferroelectric Thin Film Capacitor and Its Applications for Nonvolatile Memory Operation," Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics, University Park, PA, Aug. 7-10, 1994, pp. 25-28.

[973] Chen, Denis, Hsiao, Jimmy, Ling, Yun, Chen, Chi-Te, and Cai, Xingjian Kinger, "Unified and Efficient Power Integrity Impedance Target Flow for Flexible PCB Design," 2017 12th International Microsystems, Packaging, Assembly and Circuits Technology Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 25-27, 2017, pp. 292-294.

[974] Chen, Dongchang, Ding, Dong, Li, Xiaxi, Waller, Gordon Henry, Xiong, Xunhui, El-Sayed, Mostafa A., and Liu, Meilin, "Probing the Charge Storage Mechanism of a Pseudocapacitive MnO2 Electrode Using in Operando Raman Spectroscopy," Chemistry of Materials, vol. 27 no. 19, pp. 6608-6619, Oct. 13, 2015.

[975] Chen, Edward, Lai, Ken, Prymak, John, and Prevallet, Mike, "Facedown Termination for Higher C/V - Lower ESL Conductive-Polymer SMT Capacitors," Proceedings CARTS Asia 2005, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 11-15, 2005, pp. xx-xx.

[976] Chen, Edward, Lai, Ken, Ashburn, Travis, Prymak, John, and Prevallet, Mike, "Introducing Flex "Fail-Open" Capabilities for MLC Chip Capacitors," Proceedings CARTS Asia 2005, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 11-13, 2005, pp. 63-71.

[977] Chen, Edward, Prevallet, Mike, and Prymak, John, "Ripple Current Confusion," KEMET.

[978] Chen, Fanglin, and Ma, Shuguo, "Highly ordered macroporous woody biochar with ultra-high carbon content as supercapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 113, pp. 481-489, Dec. 15, 2013.

[979] Chen, Fei, Liu, Peng, and Zhao, Qiaoqiao, "Well-defined graphene/polyaniline flake composites for high performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 76, pp. 62-68, Aug. 1, 2012.

[980] Chen, Fengyin, Gui, Dayong, Ding, Sheng, Zhu, Yifeng, and Liu, Jianhong, "Carbon Aerogel/Polyaniline Composite as Supercapacitors Packaging Applications," 2012 13th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology and High Density Packaging, Guilin, China, Aug. 13-16, 2012, pp. 254-257.

[981] Chen, Guang, Chandrasekhar, Janani, Oh, Dan, and Liu, Hui, "Impact of PCB Decoupling on Device Electromigration Performance," 2015 IEEE 65th Electronic Components and Technology Conference, San Diego, CA, May 26-29, 2015, pp. 748-751.

[982] Chen, Guang, and Oh, Dan, "Improving the Target Impedance Method for PCB Decoupling of Core Power," 2014 IEEE 64th Electronic Components and Technology Conference, Orlando, FL, May 27-30, 2014, pp. 566-571.

[983] Chen, Guang, Choo, WernShin, Sun, Shishuang, and Oh, Dan, "In-Depth Analysis of Power Noise Coupling Between Core and Periphery Power Rails," 2013 IEEE 22nd Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems, San Jose, CA, Oct. 27-30, 2013, pp. 211-214.

[984] Chen, Guang, Abou-Alfotouh, Ahmed, Liu, Zhiwei, Shabban, Mostafa, and Oh, Dan, "Optimization of PCB PDN design using enhanced VRM model," 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Raleigh, NC, Aug. 4-8, 2014, pp. 845-849.

[985] Chen, Guo-hua, Yang, Yun, Kang, Xiao-ling, Yuan, Chang-lai, and Zhou, Chang-rong, "Preparation and dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based X8R ceramics co-doped with BIT and CBS glass," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 24 no. 1, pp. 196-202, Jan. 2013.

[986] Chen, Guo-hua, Zhang, Wen-jun, Liu, Xin-yu, and Zhou, Chang-rong, "Preparation and properties of strontium barium niobate based glass-ceramics for energy storage capacitors," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[987] Chen, Hai, Wei, Bingqing, and Ma, Dongsheng, "Energy Storage and Management System With Carbon Nanotube Supercapacitor and Multidirectional Power Delivery Capability for Autonomous Wireless Sensor Nodes," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 25 no. 12, pp. 2897-2909, Dec. 2010.

[988] Chen, Hao, Liu, Duo, Shen, Zhehong, Bao, Binfu, Zhao, Shuyan, and Wu, Limin, "Functional Biomass Carbons with Hierarchical Porous Structure for Supercapacitor Electrode Materials," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 180, pp. 241-251, Oct. 20, 2015.

[989] Chen, Hao, Qi, Xue Qiang, Kuang, Min, Dong, Fan, and Zhang, Yu Xin, "Hierarchical copper/nickel-based manganese dioxide core-shell nanostructure for supercapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 212, pp. 671-677, Sept. 10, 2016.

[990] Chen, Hao, Zhou, Min, Wang, Zhao, Zhao, Shiyong, and Guan, Shiyou, "Rich nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous phenolic resin-based carbon for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 148, pp. 187-194, Dec. 1, 2014.

[991] Chen, Hao, Zhang, Bo, Li, Fei, Kuang, Min, Huang, Ming, Yang, Yue, and Zhang, Yu Xin, "Sculpturing the Core towards Mesoporous Manganese Dioxides Nanosheets-Built Nanotubes for Pseudocapacitance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 187, pp. 488-495, Jan. 1, 2016.

[992] Chen, Hong, Gao, Hui, Xiao, Houwen, Zhou, Xiuhua, Zhang, Wengong, and Ling, Qidan, "Eco-friendly synthesis of few-layer graphene with high surface area under low temperature for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 206, pp. 10-16, July 10, 2016.

[993] Chen, Hongwei, Yang, Chuanren, Fu, Chunlin, Shi, Jun, Zhang, Jihua, and Leng, Wenjian, "Microstructure and dielectric properties of BaZrxTi1-xO3 ceramics," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 19 no. 4, pp. 379-382, Apr. 2008.

[994] Chen, Hongyan, Ai, Yani, Liu, Fan, Chang, Xing, Xue, Yuan, Huang, Qi, Wang, Chi, Lin, Hualin, and Han, Sheng, "Carbon-coated Hierarchical Ni-Mn Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoarrays on Ni Foam for Flexible High-capacitance Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 213, pp. 55-65, Sept. 20, 2016.

[995] Chen, Huabo, Fang, Jiayuan, and Shi, Weimin, "Effective Decoupling Radius of Decoupling Capacitor," Proceedings 10th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Cambridge, MA, Oct. 29-31, 2001, pp. 277-281.

[996] Chen, Huichao, Li, Qianqian, Teng, Na, Long, Donghui, Ma, Cheng, Wei, Yanju, Wang, Jitong, and Ling, Licheng, "Simultaneous micropore development and nitrogen doping of ordered mesoporous carbons for enhanced supercapacitor and Li-S cathode performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 214, pp. 231-240, Oct. 1, 2016.

[997] Chen, Huimin, Li, Yu, Feng, Yiyu, Lv, Peng, Zhang, Peng, and Feng, Wei, "Electrodeposition of carbon nanotube/carbon fabric composite using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide for high performance capacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 60, pp. 449-455, Jan. 15, 2012.

[998] Chen, I-Fong, Hsue, Ching-Wen, Kuan, Ming-Chih, and Luo, Wen-Yuh, "Modeling the Imperfect Ground of Printed Circuit Boards Based on TEM Assumption," IEICE Transactions on Communications, vol. E83-B, no. 9, pp. 2124-2129, Sept. 2000.

[999] Chen, Ji, Sheng, Kaixuan, Luo, Peihui, Li, Chun, and Shi, Gaoquan, "Graphene Hydrogels Deposited in Nickel Foams for High-Rate Electrochemical Capacitors," Advanced Materials, vol. 24 no. 33, pp. 4569-4573, Aug. 28, 2012.

[1000] Chen, Jian, and Feng, Zhihua, "X7R dielectric multilayer ceramic capacitors show good micro-actuating properties with little hysteresis," Electronics Letters, vol. 50 no. 7, pp. 538-540, Mar. 27, 2014.

[1001] Chen, Jiangqiong, Xia, Zhengbin, Li, Hui, Li, Qiao, and Zhang, Yajun, "Preparation of highly capacitive polyaniline/black TiO2 nanotubes as supercapacitor electrode by hydrogenation and electrochemical deposition," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 166, pp. 174-182, June 1, 2015.

[1002] Chen, Jianwen, Yu, Xinmei, Yang, Faquan, Fan, Yun, Jiang, Yewen, Zhou, Yuexia, and Duan, Zhikui, "Enhanced energy density of polymer composites filled with BaTiO3@Ag nanofibers for pulse power application," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 28 no. 11, pp. 8043-8050, June 2017.

[1003] Chen, Jie, Huang, Kelong, and Liu, Suqin, "Hydrothermal preparation of octadecahedron Fe3O4 thin film for use in an electrochemical supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 55 no. 1, pp. 1-5, Dec. 15, 2009.

[1004] Chen, Jie, and Xie, Meiran, "Synthesis of Ionic Ladderphane-Derived Triblock Copolymer for Dielectric and Electrical Energy Storage Applications," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 24 no. 2, pp. 689-696, Apr. 2017.

[1005] Chen, Jiucun, Liu, Yinqin, Li, Wenjun, Wu, Chao, Xu, Liqun, and Yang, Huan, "Nanostructured polystyrene/polyaniline/graphene hybrid materials for electrochemical supercapacitor and Na-ion battery applications," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 50 no. 16, pp. 5466-5474, Aug. 2015.

[1006] Chen, Jizhang, Zhou, Xiaoyan, Mei, Changtong, Xu, Junling, Zhou, Shuang, and Wong, Ching-Ping, "Pyrite FeS2 nanobelts as high-performance anode material for aqueous pseudocapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 222, Dec. 20, 2016, pp. 172-176.

[1007] Chen, Juan, Xu, Minjia, Hubing, Todd H., Drewniak, James L., Van Doren, Thomas P., and DuBroff, Richard E., "Experimental Evaluation of Power Bus Decoupling on a 4-Layer Printed Circuit Board," IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility Symposium Record Volume One, Washington, D.C., Aug. 21-25, 2000, pp. 335-338.

[1008] Chen, Juan, Hubing, Todd H., Van Doren, Thomas P., and DuBroff, Richard E., "Power Bus Isolation Using Power Islands in Printed Circuit Boards," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 373-380, May 2002.

[1009] Chen, Jun, Kando, Hajime, Kanamoto, Toshiki, Zhuo, Cheng, and Hashimoto, Masanori, "A Multicore Chip Load Model for PDN Analysis Considering Voltage-Current-Timing Interdependency and Operation Mode Transitions," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology , vol. 9 no. 9, pp. 1669-1679, Sept. 2019.

[1010] Chen, Jun Song, Gui, Yang, and Blackwood, Daniel John, "A versatile ionic liquid-assisted approach to synthesize hierarchical structures of b-Ni(OH)2 nanosheets for high performance pseudocapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 188, pp. 863-870, Jan. 10, 2016.

[1011] Chen, Jun, Cui, Yanhui, Wang, Xiaoqing, Zhi, Mingjia, Lavorgna, Marino, Baker, Andrew P., and Wu, Junwei, "Fabrication of hierarchical porous cobalt manganese spinel graphene hybrid nanoplates for electrochemical supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 188, pp. 704-709, Jan. 10, 2016.

[1012] Chen, Jun, Jia, Chunyang, and Wan, Zhongquan, "The preparation and electrochemical properties of MnO2/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes hybrid nanocomposite and its application in a novel flexible micro-supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 121, pp. 49-56, Mar. 1, 2014.

[1013] Chen, Junchen, Wang, Yaming, Cao, Jianyun, Liu, Yan, Ouyang, Jia-Hu, Jia, Dechang, and Zhou, Yu, "Flexible and solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor based on ternary graphene/MnO2/carbon black hybrid film with high power performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 182, pp. 861-870, Nov. 10, 2015.

[1014] Chen, K. Y., Brown, W. D., and Schaper, L. W., "Modeling and Simulation of Thin Film Decoupling Capacitors," Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging , West Point, NY, Oct. 26-28, 1998, pp. 205-208.

[1015] Chen, Ke, Nielsen, Matt, Soss, S., Rymaszewski, Eugene J., Lu, Toh-Ming, and Wan, C. T., "Study of Tantalum Oxide Thin Film Capacitors on Metallized Polymer Sheets for Advanced Packaging Applications, " IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology - Part B, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 117-122, May 1997.

[1016] Chen, Kuiyong, Huang, Xiaobin, Wan, Chaoying, and Liu, Hong, "Heteroatom-doped hollow carbon microspheres based on amphiphilic supramolecular vesicles and highly crosslinked polyphosphazene for high performance supercapacitor electrode materials," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 222, Dec. 20, 2016, pp. 543-550.

[1017] Chen, Kun-Yen, Huang, Chang-Wei, Wu, Marklaw, Wei, Wen-Cheng J., and Hsueh, Chun-Hway, "Advanced characterization of mechanical properties of multilayer ceramic capacitors," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , vol. 25 no. 2, pp. 627-634, Feb. 2014.

[1018] Chen, Li-Feng, Huang, Zhi-Hong, Liang, Hai-Wei, Guan, Qing-Fang, and Yu, Shu-Hong, "Bacterial-Cellulose-Derived Carbon Nanofiber@MnO2 and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Electrode Materials: An Asymmetric Supercapacitor with High Energy and Power Density," Advanced Materials, vol. 25 no. 34, pp. 4746-4752, Sept. 14, 2013.

[1019] Chen, Liqin, Li, Bo, Qi, Zhaoxiong, Guo, Hai, Zhou, Ji, and Li, Longtu, "Structure and Manufacturing Process of MnO2 Counter Electrode in Niobium Suboxide Capacitors," Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 42 no. 10, pp. 2933-2939, Oct. 2013.

[1020] Chen, Liying, Wu, Shunhua, Wang, Shuang, and Wang, Guoqing, "Microstructure and dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based X7R ceramics," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 19 no. 4, pp. 327-331, Apr. 2008.

[1021] Chen, Lu, Gu, Ningyu, Ding, Rui, Qi, Li, and Wang, Hongyu, "Facile fabrication of mesoporous manganese oxides as advanced electrode materials for supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry , vol. 17 no. 10, pp. 2579-2588, Oct. 2013.

[1022] Chen, Lu, Li, Hehe, Yoshitake, Hideya, Qi, Li, Gu, Ningyu, and Wang, Hongyu, "Low-temperature performance of aqueous electrochemical capacitors based on manganese oxides," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 157, pp. 333-344, Mar. 1, 2015.

[1023] Chen, Mingde, Kang, Xueya, Wumaier, Tuerdi, Dou, Junqing, Gao, Bo, Han, Ying, Xu, Guoqing, Liu, Zhiqiang, and Zhang, Lu, "Preparation of activated carbon from cotton stalk and its application in supercapacitor," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 17 no. 4, pp. 1005-1012, Apr. 2013.

[1024] Chen, Ming, Dai, Yu, Wang, Jingjing, Wang, Qiong, Wang, Yaping, Cheng, Xiaonong, and Yan, Xuehua, "Smart combination of three-dimensional-flower-like MoS2 nanospheres/interconnected carbon nanotubes for application in supercapacitor with enhanced electrochemical performance," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 696, pp. 900-906, Mar. 5, 2017.

[1025] Chen, Nansen, "Designs of Power Distribution Network for Octa-Core Mobile Application Processor," 2015 IEEE 19th Workshop on Signal and Power Integrity , Berlin, Germany, May 10-13, 2015, pp. xx-xx.

[1026] Chen, Po-Chun, Hsieh, Sheng-Jen, Zou, Jun, and Chen, Chien-Chon, "Selectively dealloyed Ti/TiO2 network nanostructures for supercapacitor application," Materials Letters, vol. 133, pp. 175-178, Oct. 15, 2014.

[1027] Chen, Qiao-Ling, Xue, Kuan-Hong, Shen, Wei, Tao, Fei-Fei, Yin, Shou-Yin, and Xu, Wen, "Fabrication and electrochemical properties of carbon nanotube array electrode for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 49 no. 24, pp. 4157-4161, Sept. 30, 2004.

[1028] Chen, Qidi, Cai, Daoping, and Zhan, Hongbing, "Construction of reduced graphene oxide nanofibers and cobalt sulfide nanocomposite for pseudocapacitors with enhanced performance," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 706, pp. 126-132, June 5, 2017.

[1029] Chen, Qiulin, Lei, Shuijin, Chen, Lianfu, Deng, Peiqin, Xiao, Yanhe, and Cheng, Baochang, "A novel fluffy nanostructured 3D network of Ni(C7H4O5) for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 230, pp. 141-150, Mar. 10, 2017.

[1030] Chen, Qiuting, Yu, Shuhui, Sun, Rong, and Xie, Shenghui, "Preparation and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3@PANI filled PVDF composites," 2013 14th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology , Dalian, China, Aug. 11-14, 2013, pp. 351-355.

[1031] Chen, Rixiong, Yu, Shuhui, Sun, Rong, Yang, Wenhu, and Zhao, Yubao, "KCl-assisted, chemically reduced graphene oxide for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry , vol. 16 no. 11, pp. 3635-3641, Nov. 2012.

[1032] Chen, S., and Zhitomirsky, I., "Polypyrrole coated carbon nanotubes for supercapacitors, prepared using indigo carmine as a dispersant and dopant," Materials Letters, vol. 135, pp. 47-50, Nov. 15, 2014.

[1033] Chen, Shulin, Liu, Fan, Xiang, Quanjun, Feng, Xionghan, and Qiu, Guohong, "Synthesis of Mn2O3 microstructures and their energy storage ability studies," Electrochimica Acta, vol. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[1034] Chen, Tian-Tian, Song, Wei-Li, and Fan, Li-Zhen, "Engineering graphene aerogels with porous carbon of large surface area for flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 165, pp. 92-97, May 20, 2015.

[1035] Chen, Tzu-Ling, and Elabd, Yossef A., "Hybrid-Capacitors with Polyaniline/Carbon Electrodes Fabricated via Simultaneous Electrospinning/Electrospraying," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 229, pp. 65-72, Mar. 1, 2017.

[1036] Chen, Wei, Gui, Dayong, Yu, Si, Liu, Chanqun, Zhao, Liqing, and Liu, Jianhong, "Preparation of Nickel Oxide/Graphene Aerogel Composites and Its Electrochemical Performance for Supercapacitor," 2016 17th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Wuhan, China, Aug. 16-19, 2016, pp. 249-252.

[1037] Chen, Wangyang, Tao, Xuquan, Wei, Denghu, Wang, Huaisheng, Yu, Qiang, and Li, Yuchao, "High-performance supercapacitor based on actived carbon-MnO2-polyaniline composite," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[1038] Chen, Wei, Gui, Dayong, Liu, Chunliang, Xiong, Weijian, Cai, Xueqing, Tan, Guiming, Li, Shibin, and Liu, Jianhong, "Preparation of Graphene Aerogel and Its Electrochemical Properties as the Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors," 2015 16th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Changsha, China, Aug. 11-14, 2015, pp. 35-38.

[1039] Chen, Wenbin, Cai, Miao, Gong, Ming, Zhang, Bingbing, Yang, Yu, Zhang, Zhen, Pan, Kailin, and Yang, Daoguo, "Electrical Characterization of Novel Material for High-density Capacitors," 2012 13th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology and High Density Packaging, Guilin, China, Aug. 13-16, 2012, pp. 1655-1658.

[1040] Chen, Wenzhao, Shi, Jingjing, Zhu, Taishan, Wang, Qiang, Qiao, Jinli, and Zhang, Jiujun, "Preparation of Nitrogen and Sulfur dual-doped Mesoporous Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrodes with Long Cycle Stability," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 177, pp. 327-334, Sept. 20, 2015.

[1041] Chen, Xiang Ying, He, Yuan Yuan, Song, Hong, and Zhang, Zhong Jie, "A multi-template carbonization approach to hierarchically nanoporous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 19 no. 1, pp. 179-186, Jan. 2015.

[1042] Chen, Xiang Ying, Song, Hong, Zhang, Zhong Jie, and He, Yuan Yuan, "A rational template carbonization method for producing highly porous carbon for supercapacitor application," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 117, pp. 55-61, 2014.

[1043] Chen, Xiang Ying, and Zhou, Qing Qing, "The production of porous carbon from calcium lignosulfonate without activation process and the capacitive performance," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 71, pp. 92-99, June 1, 2012.

[1044] Chen, Xu, Long, Conglai, Lin, Changpeng, Wei, Tong, Yan, Jun, Jiang, Lili, and Fan, Zhuangjun, "Al and Co co-doped a-Ni(OH)2/graphene hybrid materials with high electrochemical performances for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 137, pp. 352-358, Aug. 10, 2014.

[1045] Chen, Xu, Chen, Kunfeng, Wang, Hao, and Xue, Dongfeng, "Functionality of Fe(NO3)3 salts as both positive and negative pseudocapacitor electrodes in alkaline aqueous electrolyte," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 147, pp. 216-224, Nov. 20, 2014.

[1046] Chen, Xuli, Lin, Huijuan, Deng, Jue, Zhang, Ye, Sun, Xuemei, Chen, Peining, Fang, Xin, Zhang, Zhitao, Guan, Guozhen, and Peng, Huisheng, "Electrochromic Fiber-Shaped Supercapacitors," Advanced Materials , vol. 26 no. 49, pp. 8126-8132, Dec. 23, 2014.

[1047] Chen, Xuli, Qiu, Longbin, Ren, Jing, Guan, Guozhen, Lin, Huijuan, Zhang, Zhitao, Chen, Peining, Wang, Yonggang, and Peng, Huisheng, "Novel Electric Double-Layer Capacitor with a Coaxial Fiber Structure," Advanced Materials, vol. 25 no. 44, pp. 6436-6441, Nov. 26, 2013.

[1048] Chen, Xuli, Lin, Huijuan, Chen, Peining, Guan, Guozhen, Deng, Jue, and Peng, Huisheng, "Smart, Stretchable Supercapacitors," Advanced Materials, vol. 26 no. 26, pp. 4444-4449, July 9, 2014.

[1049] Chen, Ya, Wang, Jia-Wei, Shi, Xi-Chang, and Chen, Bai-Zhen, "Pseudocapacitive characteristics of manganese oxide anodized from manganese coating electrodeposited from aqueous solution," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 109, pp. 678-683, Oct. 30, 2013.

[1050] Chen, Yan, Xu, Jianhua, Yang, Yajie, Li, Shibin, Yang, Wenyao, Peng, Tianju, Mao, XiLing, and Zhao, Yuetao, "PEDOT:PSS/graphene/PEDOT ternary film for high performance electrochemical electrode," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , vol. 26 no. 11, pp. 8292-8300, Nov. 2015.

[1051] Chen, Yan, Xu, Jianhua, Yang, Yajie, Zhao, Yuetao, Yang, Wenyao, Mao, Xilin, He, Xin, and Li, Shibin, "The preparation and electrochemical properties of PEDOT:PSS/MnO2/PEDOT ternary film and its application in flexible micro-supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 193, pp. 199-205, Mar. 1, 2016.

[1052] Chen, Yao, Zhang, Xiong, Zhang, Dacheng, and Ma, Yanwei, "High power density of graphene-based supercapacitors in ionic liquid electrolytes," Materials Letters, vol. 68, pp. 475-477, Feb. 1, 2012.

[1053] Chen, Yao, Zhang, Xiong, Zhang, Dacheng, and Ma, Yanwei, "One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of ruthenium oxide nanodots on reduced graphene oxide sheets for supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 511 no. 1, pp. 251-256, Jan. 15, 2012.

[1054] Chen, Yaohong, Li, Hua, Lin, Fuchang, Lv, Fei, Li, Zhiwei, and Zhang, Miao, "Effect of Interlayer Air on Performance of Dry-type Metalized Film Capacitor in DC, AC and Pulsed Applications," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 18 no. 4, pp. 1301-1306, Aug. 2011.

[1055] Chen, Yaohong, Li, Hua, Lin, Fuchang, Lv, Fei, Zhang, Miao, Li, Zhiwei, and Liu, De, "Study on Self-Healing and Lifetime Characteristics of Metallized-Film Capacitor Under High Electric Field," IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 40 no. 8, pp. 2014-2019, Aug. 2012.

[1056] Chen, Yaow-Ming, Wu, Hsu-Chin, Chou, Ming-Wei, and Lee, Kung-Yen, "Online Failure Prediction of the Electrolytic Capacitor for LC Filter of Switching-Mode Power Converters," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55 no. 1, pp. 400-406, Jan. 2008.

[1057] Chen, Yaping, Liu, Borui, Liu, Qi, Wang, Jun, Liu, Jingyuan, Zhang, Hongsen, Hu, Songxia, and Jing, Xiaoyan, "Flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor assembled using coaxial NiMoO4 nanowire arrays with chemically integrated conductive coating," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 178, pp. 429-438, Oct. 1, 2015.

[1058] Chen, Yi-Xiu, Chuang, Ping-Chang, and Wang, Ruey-Chi, "Cu particles induced distinct enhancements for reduced graphene oxide-based flexible supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 701, pp. 603-611, Apr. 15, 2017.

[1059] Chen, Yiming, and Zhang, Haiyan, "The Super-capacitor properties of Aligned Carbon nanotubes Array prepared by Radio Frequency Plasma-Enhanced Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 150-151, pp. 1560-1563, 2011.

[1060] Chen, Ying-Chu, Hsu, Yu-Kuei, Lin, Yan-Gu, Lin, Yu-Kai, Horng, Ying-Ying, Chen, Li-Chyong, and Chen, Kuei-Hsien, "Highly flexible supercapacitors with manganese oxide nanosheet/carbon cloth electrode," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 56 no. 20, pp. 7124- 7130, Aug. 1, 2011.

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[1062] Chen, Yun-Tien, Liu, Shur-Fen, Hung, Chin-Hsien, Chen, Meng-Huei, and Wang, Wei-Hsuan, "Electrical and Aging Characterization of Organic Capacitive Substrate," 2011 IEEE 61st Electronic Components and Technology Conference, Lake Buena Vista, FL, May 31-June 3, 2011, pp. 1805-1810.

[1063] Chen, Yun-Tien, Liu, Shur-Fen, Chen, Meng-Huei, and Hung, Chin-Hsien, "Reliability and failure analysis of Capacitive Substrate," 2010 5th International Microsystems Packaging Assembly and Circuits Technology Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 20-22, 2010, pp. xx-xx.

[1064] Chen, Yutao, Chen, Xiaohua, Yi, Bin, Guo, Kaimin, Chen, Yunfei, Zeng, Bin, and Yan, Haimei, "Mesoporous carbon with CNT skeleton and their electrochemical properties," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 150-151, pp. 1258-1262, 2011.

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[1067] Chen, Zhao, Xinyou, Huang, Hao, Guan, and Chunhua, Gao, "Effect of Y2O3 and Dy2O3 on Dielectric Properties of Ba0.7 Sr0.3 TiO3 Series Capacitor Ceramics," Journal of Rare Earths, vol. 25 no. Supplement 2, pp. 197-200, June 2007.

[1068] Chen, Zheng, Boroyevich, Dushan, Mattavelli, Paolo, and Ngo, Khai, "A Frequency-Domain Study on the Effect of DC-Link Decoupling Capacitors," 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, Denver, CO, Sept. 15-19, 2013, pp. 1886-1893.

[1069] Chen, Zheng, Augustyn, Veronica, Wen, Jing, Zhang, Yuewei, Shen, Meiqing, Dunn, Bruce, and Lu, Yunfeng, "High-Performance Supercapacitors Based on Intertwined CNT/V2O5 Nanowire Nanocomposites," Advanced Materials, vol. 23 no. 6, pp. 791-795, Feb. 8, 2011.

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[1071] Cheng, Ding, Yang, Yefeng, Luo, Yaobin, Fang, Changjiang, and Xiong, Jie, "Growth of Ultrathin Mesoporous Ni-Mo Oxide Nanosheet Arrays on Ni Foam for High-performance Supercapacitor Electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 176, pp. 1343-1351, Sept. 10, 2015.

[1072] Cheng, Fang, Yu, Xuewen, Wang, Jing, Shi, Zhiqiang, and Wu, Changcheng, "A novel supercapacitor electrolyte of spiro-(1,1')-bipyrolidinium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile/dibutyl carbonate mixed solvents for ultra-low temperature applications," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 200, pp. 106-114, May 10, 2016.

[1073] Cheng, Fukui, He, Chun, Shu, Dong, Chen, Hongyu, Zhang, Jie, Tang, Shaoqing, and Finlow, David E., "Preparation of nanocrystalline VN by the melamine reduction of V2O5 xerogel and its supercapacitive behavior," Materials Chemistry and Physics , vol. xxx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[1074] Cheng, Hualei, Zhou, Wancheng, Du, Hongliang, Luo, Fa, and Wang, Wenrui, "Microstructure and dielectric properties of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 - xmol%CeO2 lead-free ceramics for high temperature capacitor applications," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 26 no. 11, pp. 9097-9106, Nov. 2015.

[1075] Cheng, Huiming, Qiu, Hanxun, Zhu, Zhiwei, Li, Meixian, and Shi, Zujin, "Investigation of the electrochemical behavior of dopamine at electrodes modified with ferrocene-filled double-walled carbon nanotubes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 63, pp. 83-88, Feb. 29, 2012.

[1076] Cheng, Hung-Hsiang, Kuo, Chih-Wen, Pan, Po-Chih, Chen, Yi-Hua, Chen, Kuo-Hua, Li, Li, Han, Ken, and Cooper, Glenn, "Design and Characterization of Power Delivery System for Multi-Chip Package with Embedded Discrete Capacitors," 2011 IEEE 61st Electronic Components and Technology Conference, Lake Buena Vista, FL, May 31-June 3, 2011, pp. 2179-2184.

[1077] Cheng, Jinbing, Liu, Xianming, Lu, Yang, Hou, Xiaoyi, Han, Lei, Yan, Hailong, Xu, Jinyou, and Luo, Yongsong, "Porous CoMn2O4 microspheres as advanced pseudocapacitive materials," Materials Letters, vol. 165, pp. 231-234, Feb. 15, 2016.

[1078] Cheng, Liang Xiao, Zhang, Lei, Chen, Xiang Ying, and Zhang, Zhong Jie, "Efficient conversion of waste polyvinyl chloride into nanoporous carbon incorporated with MnOx exhibiting superior electrochemical performance for supercapacitor application," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 176, pp. 197-206, Sept. 10, 2015.

[1079] Cheng, Lu, Liu, Wenfeng, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Chengming, Li, Shengtao, and Xing, Zhaoliang, "Online Degradation of Biaxial-Orientated Polypropylene Film from HVDC Filter Capacitors," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation , vol. 26 no. 1, pp. 26-33, Feb. 2019.

[1080] Cheng, Sang, Zhou, Yao, Hu, Jun, He, Jinliang, and Li, Qi, "Polyimide Films Coated by Magnetron Sputtered Boron Nitride for High-Temperature Capacitor Dielectrics," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 27 no. 2, pp. 498-503, Apr. 2020.

[1081] Cheng, Yonghua, Joeri, Van Mierlo, Lataire, Philippe, Buechel, Mathias, Knorr, Rainer, and Gallay, Roland, "Method of identifying voltage difference of super capacitors and principle of voltage balancing," 2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Aalborg, Denmark, Sept. 2-5, 2007, pp. xx-xx.

[1082] Cheng, Yu-Jen, Chuang, Hao-Hsiang, Hsia, Chun, Chen, Wen-Wei, Huang, Wen-Po, and Wu, Tzong-Lin, "A Physics-Based Model of On-chip Decoupling Capacitor for Accurate Power Integrity Analysis," 2011 IEEE Electrical Design of Advanced Packaging and Systems Symposium, Hangzhou, China, Dec. 12-14, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[1083] Chew, Li Wern, "Power Distribution Network Modeling using Block-based Approach," 2013 IEEE 15th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference, Singapore, Dec. 11-13, 2013, pp. 230-234.

[1084] Chew, Li Wern, "Power Plane Merger Option Based On Load Current Behaviors," 2013 17th IEEE Workshop on Signal and Power Integrity, Paris, France, May 12-15, 2013, pp. xx-xx.

[1085] Chew, Li Wern, and Ong, Paik Wen, "Study of Power Integrity Challenges in High-Speed I/O Design Using Power Rails Merging Scheme," 2013 IEEE 15th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference, Singapore, Dec. 11-13, 2013, pp. 114-117.

[1086] Chew, Li Wern, "The Effect of Higher Order Model Decoupling Capacitors in the Design of a Power Delivery Network," 2012 4th Asia Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, July 10-11, 2012, pp. 117-122.

[1087] Chi, C.-S., Jeong, Y., Kim, S. S., Lee, J.-H., and Oh, H.-J., "Electrochemical Etching of Aluminum Foil for Electrolytic Capacitors," Materials Science Forum, vol. 475-479, pp. 385-388, 2005.

[1088] Chi, Hong Zhong, Yin, Shi, Cen, Di, Chen, Kaijian, Hu, Yongping, Qin, Haiying, and Zhu, Hongjie, "The capacitive behaviours of MnO2/carbon fiber composite electrode prepared in the presence of sodium tetraborate," Journal of Alloys and Compounds , vol. 678, pp. 42-50, Sept. 5, 2016.

[1089] Chi, Hong Zhong, Yin, Shi, Qin, Haiying, and Su, Kunpeng, "The preparation of MnO2 hollow spheres for electrochemical capacitor," Materials Letters, vol. 162, pp. 131-134, Jan. 1, 2016.

[1090] Chickamenahalli, S., Aygun, K., Hill, M. J., Radhakrishnan, K., Eilert, K., and Stanford, E., "Microprocessor Platform Impedance Characterization using VTT Tools," Twentieth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Volume 3, Austin, TX, Mar. 6-10, 2005, pp. 1466-1469.

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[1093] Chiang, Chia-Jui, Yang, Jing-Long, and Cheng, Wen-Chin, "EKF-based Estimation of SOC and Temperature in Ultracapacitors," 2013 10th IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation, Hangzhou, China, June 12-14, 2013, pp. 274-279.

[1094] Chien, Hsiu-Chuan, Wu, Tzu-Ho, Rajkumar, Muniyandi, and Hu, Chi-Chang, "Effects of buffer agents on hydrogen adsorption and desorption at/within activated carbon for the negative electrode of aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 205, pp. 1-7, July 1, 2016.

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[1100] Cho, Han Seo, Cho, Sukhyeon, Jo, Jihong, Seo, Haenam, Kim, Byongmoon, and Yoo, Jegwang, "Highly reliable processes for embedding discrete passive components into organic substrates," Microelectronics Reliability, vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[1101] Cho, Jonghyun, Kim, Youngwoo, Kim, Joungho, Sundaram, Venky, and Tummala, Rao, "Analysis of Glass Interposer PDN and Proposal of PDN Resonance Suppression Methods," 2013 IEEE International 3D Systems Integration Conference , Oct. 2-4, 2013, pp. xx-xx.

[1102] Cho, Jonghyun, Bai, Siqi, Zhao, Biyao, Ruehli, Albert, Drewniak, James, Cocchini, Matteo, Connor, Samuel, Cracraft, Michael A., and Becker, Dale, "Modeling and Analysis of Package PDN for Computing System based on Cavity Model," 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility & Signal/Power Integrity, Washington, DC. Aug. 7-11, 2017, pp. 213-218.

[1103] Cho, Kyungjun, Kim, Youngwoo, Kim, Subin, Lee, Hyunsuk, Choi, Sumin, Kim, Heegon, and Kim, Joungho, "Power Distribution Network (PDN) Design and Analysis of A Single and Double-Sided High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) Interposer for 2.5D Terabtye/s Bandwidth System," 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Ottawa, Canada, July 25-29, 2016, pp. 96-99.

[1104] Cho, Sung-Dong, Jang, Kyung-Woon, Hyun, Jin-Gul, Lee, Sangyong, Paik, Kyung-Wook, Kim, Hyungsoo, and Kim, Joung-Ho, "Epoxy/BaTiO3 Composite Films and Pastes for High Dielectric Constant and Low-Tolerance Embedded Capacitors Fabrication in Organic Substrates," IEEE Transactions on Electronics Packaging Manufacturing, vol. 28 no. 4 pp. 297-303, Oct. 2005.

[1105] Cho, Won-Je, Yeom, Chul Gi, Kim, Byung Chul, Kim, Kwang Man, Ko, Jang Myoun, and Yu, Kook-Hyun, "Supercapacitive properties of activated carbon electrode in organic electrolytes containing single- and double-cationic liquid salts," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 89, pp. 807-813, Feb. 1, 2013.

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[1107] Choi, Changsoon, Lee, Jae Ah, Choi, A Young, Kim, Youn Tae, Lepro, Xavier, Lima, Marcio D., Baughman, Ray H., and Kim, Seon Jeong, "Flexible Supercapacitor Made of Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Internal Pores," Advanced Materials, vol. 26 no. 12, pp. 2059-2065, Mar. 26, 2014.

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DDDD

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[1460] Faltus, Radovan, Jane, Miroslav, and Zednicek, Tomas, "Storage Capacitor Properties and Their Effect on Energy Harvester Performance," AVX.

[1461] Faltus, Radovan, Zednicek, Tomas, and Kalous, M., "The importance of high-temperature capacitors," Electronic Products , vol 52 no. 6, pp. 19-20, Nov. 2009.

[1462] Fam, Derrick W. H., Azoubel, Sue, Liu, Liang, Huang, Jingfeng, Mandler, Daniel, Magdassi, Shlomo, and Tok, Alfred I. Y., "Novel felt pseudocapacitor based on carbon nanotube/metal oxides," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 50 no. 20, pp. 6578-6585, Oct. 2015.

[1463] Fan, Huiqing, Quan, Lixia, Yuan, Mengqi, Zhu, Shasha, Wang, Kai, Zhong, Yuan, Chang, Ling, Shao, Haibo, Wang, Jianming, Zhang, Jianqing, and Cao, Chu-nan, "Thin Co3O4 nanosheet array on 3D porous graphene/nickel foam as a binder-free electrode for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 188, pp. 222-229, Jan. 10, 2016.

[1464] Fan, J., Shi, H., Drewniak, J. L., Hubing, T. H., DuBroff, R. E., and Van Doren, T. P., "Incorporating Vertical Discontinuities in Power-Bus Modeling using a Mixed-Potential Integral Equation and Circuit Extraction Formulation," IEEE 7th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging , West Point, NY, Oct. 26-28, 1998, pp. 171-174.

[1465] Fan, Jun, Drewniak, James L., Knighten, James L., Smith, Norman W., and Orlandi, Antonio, "Calculation of Self and Mutual Inductances Associated with Vias in a DC Power Bus Structure from a Circuit Extraction Approach Based on a Mixed-Potential Integral Equation Formulation," Electromagnetic Compatibility 2001, Zurich, Switzerland, Feb. 20-22, 2001, pp. 521-526.

[1466] Fan, Jun, Drewniak, James L., Shi, Hao, and Knighten, James L., "DC Power-Bus Modeling and Design With a Mixed-Potential Integral-Equation Formulation and Circuit Extraction." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 426-436, Nov. 2001.

[1467] Fan, Jun, Shi, Hao, Knighten, James L., and Drewniak, James L, "DC Power Bus Modeling in High-Speed Digital Designs Including Conductor and Dielectric Losses," Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, Shanghai, China, May 3-7, 2000, pp. 126-131.

[1468] Fan, Jun, Drewniak, James L., and Knighten, James L., "DC Power Bus Modeling Using a Circuit Extraction Approach Based on a Mixed-Potential Integral Equation Formulation and an Iterative Equation Solver," Proceedings of the IEEE 9th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Scottsdale, AZ, Oct. 23-25, 2000, pp. 143-146.

[1469] Fan, Jun, Cui, Wei, Drewniak, James L., Van Doren, Thomas P., and Knighten, James L., "Estimating the Noise Mitigation Effect of Local Decoupling in Printed Circuit Boards," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 154-165, May 2002.

[1470] Fan, Jun, Knighten, James L., Smith, Norman W., and Neely, Jason, "Evaluation of SMT Decoupling Design in a Functioning High Speed PCB," 2001 IEEE EMC International Symposium Symposium Record - Volume 2, Montreal, Canada, Aug. 13-17, 2001, pp. 1097-1101.

[1471] Fan, Jun, Andresakis, John, Harvey, Mark, Smith, Norm, and Knighten, Jim, "Evaluation of the printed circuit board power distribution network design and its effect on EMI," Interference Technology 2008 EMC Test & Design Guide, pp. 72,74,76-83, 2008.

[1472] Fan, Jun, Smith, Norm, Knighten, Jim, Andresakis, John, Fukawa, Yoshi, and Harvey, Mark, "Implementation of Buried Capacitance in High-Speed Designs," Printed Circuit Design and Fab, vol. 25 no. 3, pp. 30-35, Mar. 2008.

[1473] Fan, Jun, Shaofeng, Luan, and Drewniak, James L., "Including SMT ferrite beads in DC power bus and high-speed I/O line modeling," 2001 IEEE EMC International Symposium Symposium Record - Volume 1, Montreal, Canada, Aug. 13-17, 2001, pp. 336-339.

[1474] Fan, Jun, Shi, Hao, Orlandi, Antonio, Knighten, James L., Drewniak, James L., "Modeling DC Power-Bus Structures with Vertical Discontinuities Using a Circuit Extraction Approach Based on a Mixed-Potential Integral Equation," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 143-157, May 2001.

[1475] Fan, Jun, and Shi, Hao, "Power Bus Modeling Using a Circuit Extraction Approach Based on a Mixed-Potential Integral Equation."

[1476] Fan, Jun, Knighten, James L., Orlandi, Antonio, Smith, Norman W., and Drewniak, James L., "Quantifying Decoupling Capacitor Location," IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility Symposium Record Volume Two, Washington, D.C., Aug. 21-25, 2000, pp. 761-766.

[1477] Fan, Jun, Drewniak, James L., Knighten, James L., Smith, Norman W., Orlandi, Antonio, Van Doren, Thomas P., Hubing, Todd H., and DuBroff, Richard E., "Quantifying SMT Decoupling Capacitor Placement in DC Power-Bus Design for Multilayer PCBs," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 588-599, Nov. 2001.

[1478] Fan, Jun, Ren, Yong, Chen, Juan, Hockanson, David M., Shi, Hao, Drewniak, James L., Hubing, Todd H., Van Doren, Thomas P., and DuBroff, Richard E., "RF Isolation Using Power Islands in DC Power Bus Design," 1999 IEEE EMC Symposium, Seattle, WA, Aug. 2-6, 1999, pp. 838-843.

[1479] Fan, Jun, Smith, Norm, Knighten, Jim, Andresakis, John, Fukawa, Yoshi, and Harvey, Mark, "Utilization of Buried Capacitance: A Case Study," DesignCon 2008 , Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 4-7, 2008, pp. xx-xx.

[1480] Fan, Le-Qing, Liu, Gui-Jing, Wu, Ji-Huai, Liu, Lu, Lin, Jian-Ming, and Wei, Yue-Lin, "Asymmetric supercapacitor based on graphene oxide/polypyrrole composite and activated carbon electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 137, pp. 26-33, Aug. 10, 2014.

[1481] Fan, Li-Zhen, Qiao, Suyan, Song, Weili, Wu, Mao, He, Xinbo, and Qu, Xuanhui, "Effects of the functional groups on the electrochemical properties of ordered porous carbon for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 105, pp. 299-304, Aug. 30, 2013.

[1482] Fan, Xiaorong, Yan, Xiaodong, Yu, Yunhua, Lan, Jinle, and Yang, Xiaoping, "Phosphorus groups assisted growth of vertically oriented polyaniline nanothorns on N/P co-doped carbon nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 216, pp. 355-363, Oct. 20, 2016.

[1483] Fan, Xinzhuang, Li, Yonggang, Wang, Shaoliang, Lu, Yonghong, Xu, Haibo, Liu, Jianguo, and Yan, Chuanwei, "Investigation on the pseudocapacitive characteristics of the electrochemically modified graphite electrode in electrolytes with different pH," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 176, pp. 70-76, Sept. 10, 2015.

[1484] Fan, Yafei, Zhang, Xudong, Liu, Yushan, Cai, Qiang, and Zhang, Jianmin, "One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of Mn3O4/graphene nanocomposite for supercapacitors," Materials Letters, vol. 95, pp. 153-156, Mar. 15, 2013.

[1485] Fan, Yang, Liu, Pei-Fang, Yang, Zi-Juan, Jiang, Tong-Wu, Yao, Kai-Li, Han, Ran, Huo, Xin-Xin, and Xiong, Yun-Yi, "Bi-functional porous carbon spheres derived from pectin as electrode material for supercapacitors and support material for Pt nanowires towards electrocatalytic methanol and ethanol oxidation," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 163, pp. 140-148, May 1, 2015.

[1486] Fan, Zhuangjun, Yan, Jun, Zhi, Linjie, Zhang, Qiang, Wei, Tong, Feng, Jing, Zhang, Milin, Qian, Weizhong, and Wei, Fei, "A Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Sandwich and Its Application as Electrode in Supercapacitors," Advanced Materials, vol. 22 no. 33, pp. 3723-3728, Sept. 1, 2010.

[1487] Fang, Dao-Lai, Chen, Zhi-Dao, Liu, Xin, Wu, Zheng-Fei, and Zheng, Cui-Hong, "Homogeneous growth of nano-sized b-Ni(OH)2 on reduced graphene oxide for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 81, pp. 321-329, Oct. 30, 2012.

[1488] Fang, Dao-Lai, Wu, Bing-Cai, Yan, Yong, Mao, Ai-Qin, and Zheng, Cui-Hong, "Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous Mn-Ni oxides for supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 16 no. 1, pp. 135-142, Jan. 2012.

[1489] Fang, Hua, Zhang, Shichao, Jiang, Tao, Lin, Ruoxu, and Lin, Ye, "One-Step Synthesis of Ni/Ni(OH)2@Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Coaxial Nanocable Film For High Performance Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 125, pp. 427-434, Apr. 10, 2014.

[1490] Fang, Jiayuan, and Zhao, Jin, "Low-Impedance Power Delivery over Broad Frequencies," Printed Circuit Design & Manufacture, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 18-22, Sept. 2003.

[1491] Fang, Jiayuan, Liu, Yaowu, Chen, Yuzhe, Wu, Zhonghua, and Agrawal, Amit, "Modeling of Power/Ground Plane Noise in High Speed Digital Electronics Packaging," IEEE 2nd Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Monterey, CA, Oct. 20-22, 1993, pp. 206-208.

[1492] Fang, Jiayuan, Herrell, Dennis, Zhao, Jin, Zhang, Jingping, and Chen, Raymond, "Modeling of the Electrical Performance of the Power and Ground Supply for a PC Microprocessor on a Card," Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging , West Point, NY, Oct. 26-28, 1998, pp. 116-119.

[1493] Fang, Jihong, Li, Min, Li, Qianqian, Zhang, Weifeng, Shou, Qingliang, Liu, Fu, Zhang, Xiaobin, and Cheng, Jipeng, "Microwave-assisted synthesis of CoAl-layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide composite and its application in supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 85, pp. 248-255, Dec. 15, 2012.

[1494] Fang, Jing, Cui, Mu, Lu, Hai, Zhang, Zhi-an, Lai, Yan-qing, and Li, Jie, "Hybrid supercapacitor based on polyaniline doped with lithium salt and activated carbon electrodes," Journal of Central South University of Technology, vol. 16 no. 3, pp. 434-439, June 2009.

[1495] Fang, Linxia, Zhang, Baoliang, Li, Wei, Zhang, Jizhong, Huang, Kejing, and Zhang, Qiuyu, "Fabrication of highly dispersed ZnO nanoparticles embedded in graphene nanosheets for high performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 148, pp. 164-169, Dec. 1, 2014.

[1496] Fang, Te-Hua, and Chang, Win-Jin, "Nanoindentation characteristics on polycarbonate polymer film," Microelectronics Journal, vol. 35 no. 7, pp. 595-599, July 2004.

[1497] Fang, X., Makharashvili, T., Ruehli, A. E., Fan, J., Drewniak, J., Archambeault, B., and Cocchini, M., "PEEC Macromodels for Above Plane Decoupling Capacitors," 2015 IEEE 24th Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems, San Jose, CA, Oct. 25-28, 2015, pp. 127-129.

[1498] Fang, Xin, Bai, Siqi, Liang, Shuang, Ding, Yifan, Fan, Yudi, Zhao, Biyao, Deng, Han, Vuppunutala, Pranay Kumar, Zhu, Xiaolu, Zai, Richard, Wei, Xing-Chang, and Drewniak, James, "A Two-Port Measurement With Mechanically Robust Handhold Probes for Ultra Low PDN Impedance," 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal & Power Integrity, New Orleans, LA, July 22-26, 2019, pp. 378-382.

[1499] Fang, Y., Lanagan, M. T., Agrawal, D. K., Yang, G. Y., Randall, C. A., Shrout, T. R., Henderson, A., Randall, M., and Tajuddin, A., "An Investigation Demonstrating the Feasibility of Microwave Sintering of Base-Metal-Electrode Multilayer Capacitors," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. 15 no. 1, pp. 13-19, Sept. 2005.

[1500] Fang, Yan, Luo, Bin, Jia, Yuying, Li, Xianglong, Wang, Bin, Song, Qi, Kang, Feiyu, and Zhi, Linjie, "Renewing Functionalized Graphene as Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors," Advanced Materials, vol. 24 no. 47, pp. 6348-6355, Dec. 11, 2012.

[1501] Farag, A. S., Wang, C., Cheng, T. C., Zheng, G., Du, Y., Hu, L., Palk, B., and Moon, M., "Failure Analysis of Composite Dielectric of Power Capacitors in Distribution Systems," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation , vol. 5 no. 4, pp. 583-588, Aug. 1998.

[1502] Faraji, Soheila, and Ani, Farid Nasir, "Electroless nano zinc oxide-activate carbon composite supercapacitor electrode," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. 36 no. 1-4, pp. 122-128, June 2016.

[1503] Farcas, C., Petreus, D., Ciocan, I., and Palaghita, N., "Modeling and Simulation of Supercapacitors," 2009 15th International Symposium for Design and Technology of Electronics Packages, Gyula, Hungary, Sept. 17-20, 2009, pp. 195-200.

[1504] Farrell, Brendan, Andreescu, Daniel, and Goia, Dan V., "Alloy and Core-Shell Silver/Palladium Platelets for Ultra-Low Fire MLCC's," CARTS 2007 Symposium Proceedings, Albuquerque, NM, Mar. 26-29, 2007, pp. 1-11.

[1505] Farrell, Brendan, Rowland, Sarah, Goia, Dan V., and Groat, Eric, "Highly Dispersed Silver Nanoplatelets as Precursors for Ultra-Thin Conductive Layers," 2006 CARTS Conference Proceedings, Orlando, FL, Apr. 3-6, 2006, pp. xx-xx.

[1506] Farrell, Brendan P., Andreescu, Daniel, Eastman, Christopher M., and Goia, Dan V., "Novel Ag and AgPd Nanoparticles for MLCC's with Ultrathin Electrodes: A Case for the Revival of PM MLC Technology," Proceedings of the 25th Symposium for Passive Components, Palm Springs, CA, Mar. 21-24, 2005, pp. 275-282.

[1507] Farsi, Hossein, Gobal, Fereydoon, Raissi, Heidar, and Moghiminia, Shokufeh, "On the pseudocapacitive behavior of nanostructured molybdenum oxide," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 14 no. 4, pp. 643-650, Apr. 2010.

[1508] Farsi, Hossein, Gobal, Fereydoon, Raissi, Heidar, and Moghiminia, Shokufeh, "The pH effects on the capacitive behavior of nanostructured molybdenum oxide," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 14 no. 4, pp. 681-686, Apr. 2010.

[1509] Farsi, Hossein, and Gobal, Fereydoon, "Theoretical analysis of the performance of a model supercapacitor consisting of metal oxide nano-particles," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry , vol. 11 no. 8, pp. 1085-1092, Aug. 2007.

[1510] Fathona, Indra Wahyudhin, and Yabuki, Akihiro, "Multi-plate, thin-film electrodes of manganese oxide synthesized via the thermal decomposition of a manganese-amine complex for use as electrochemical supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 222, Dec. 20, 2016, pp. 693-700.

[1511] Fazakas, A., Vonsza, C., and Purcar, M., "Electrolytic Capacitor Polarity Determination based on Electrical Measurements," 2018 IEEE 24th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, Iasi, Romania, Oct. 25-28, 2018, pp. 343-348.

[1512] Fazakas, A., Purcar, M., and Turcu, D., "Polarity Determination of Electrolytic Capacitors in Power Supplies from external terminals," 2019 IEEE 25th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, Cluj Napoca, Romania, Oct. 23-26, 2019, pp. 395-398.

[1513] Fedorov, Fedor S., Linnemann, Julia, Tschulik, Kristina, Giebeler, Lars, Uhlemann, Margitta, and Gebert, Annett, "Capacitance performance of cobalt hydroxide-based capacitors with utilization of near-neutral electrolytes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 90, pp. 166-170, Feb. 15, 2013.

[1514] Fedorovskaya, E. O., Bulusheva, L. G., Kurenya, A. G., Asanov, I. P., Rudina, N. A., Funtov, K. O., Lyubutin, I. S., and Okotrub, A. V., "Supercapacitor performance of vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes produced by aerosol-assisted CCVD method," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 139, pp. 165-172, Sept. 1, 2014.

[1515] Feng, Fan, Zhao, Shiqiang, Liu, Rui, Yang, Zewen, and Shen, Qiang, "NiO Flowerlike porous hollow nanostructures with an enhanced interfacial storage capability for battery-to-pseudocapacitor transition," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 222, Dec. 20, 2016, pp. 1160-1168.

[1516] Feng, Gang, Selli, Giuseppe, Chand, Kundan, Lai, Mauro, Xue, Liang, Drewniak, James L., Archambeault, Bruce, Connor, Samuel, and Matoglu, Erdem, "Analysis of Noise Coupling Result from Overlapping Power Areas within Power Delivery Networks," 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Volume 2, Portland, OR, Aug. 14-18, 2006, pp. 304-309.

[1517] Feng, Qiquan, and McConville, Caspar J., "Dielectric Degradation and Microstructures of Heterogeneous Interfaces in Cofired Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," Journal of Electroceramics , vol. 14 no. 3, pp. 213-220, July 2005.

[1518] Feng, Qiquan, and McConville, Caspar J., "Microstructural Analysis of X7R-Type BaTiO3 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCCs)," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. 14 no. 1, pp. 45-52, Jan. 2005.

[1519] Feng, Wei, Zhang, Qingqing, Li, Yu, and Feng, Yiyu, "Preparation of sulfonated graphene/polyaniline composites in neutral solution for high-performance supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 18 no. 4, pp. 1127-1135, Apr. 2014.

[1520] Feng, Xiaojuan, Shi, Yanlong, Yang, Xiaoxia, Li, Suyuan, and Li, Yongyan, "Binary Ni-Al sulfide/nickel foam electrodes with hierarchical hyacinth-like structure for supercapacitance performance," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 705, pp. 652-658, May 25, 2017.

[1521] Feng, Y. J., Xu, Z., and Wei, X. Y., "Dielectric performances of antiferroelectric ceramics and application to capacitors," 17th IEEE International Symposium on the Applications of Ferroelectrics, Volume 2, Santa Fe, NM, Feb, 23-28, 2008, pp. xx-xx.

[1522] Feng, Zhenhe, Xue, Ruisheng, and Shao, Xiaohong, "Highly mesoporous carbonaceous material of activated carbon beads for electric double layer capacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 55 no. 24, pp. 7334-7340, Oct. 1, 2010.

[1523] Fernandez, Oscar, and Esteban, Freddy, "MKP Capacitors for DC-Link application in modern converters," Proceedings of the 25th Symposium for Passive Components, Palm Springs, CA, Mar. 21-24, 2005, pp. 283-287.

[1524] Fernandez, Pablo Sebastian, Castro, Elida Beatriz, Real, Silvia Graciela, Visintin, Arnaldo, Arenillas, Ana, Calvo. Esther G., Juarez-Perez, Emilio J., Menendez, Angel J., and Martins, Maria Elisa, "Electrochemical behavior and capacitance properties of carbon xerogel/multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[1525] Fernando, Jayathu, Kulatana, Nihal, and Kankanamge, Kosala, "Indirect Applications of Supercapacitor Energy Storage Capabilities and Characterisation Required," 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Taipei, Taiwan, May 27-31, 2013, pp. xx-xx.

[1526] Ferraro, Peter, and Hanggodo, Sugianto, "The Growing Importance of Polyalkylene Carbonate Binders for the Passive Component Industry," CARTS USA 2008 Proceedings, Newport Beach, CA, Mar. 17-20, 2008, pp. xx-xx.

[1527] Ferraro, Peter, Hanggodo, Sugianto, Burn, Ian, Baker, Amanda, and Qu, Weiguo, "Use of Polyalkylene Carbonate Binders for Improved Performance in Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," CARTS USA 2011 Proceedings, Jacksonville, FL, Mar. 28-31, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[1528] Ferrero, G. A., Fuertes, A. B., and Sevilla, M., "N-doped microporous carbon microspheres for high volumetric performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 168, pp. 320-329, June 20, 2015.

[1529] Fic, Krzysztof, Meller, Mikolaj, Menzel, Jakub, and Frackowiak, Elzbieta, "Around the thermodynamic limitations of supercapacitors operating in aqueous electrolytes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 206, pp. 496-503, July 10, 2016.

[1530] Fic, Krzysztof, Lota, Grzegorz, and Frackowiak, Elzbieta, "Effect of surfactants on capacitance properties of carbon electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 60, pp. 206-212, Jan. 15, 2012.

[1531] Fic, Krzysztof, Lota, Grzegorz, and Frackowiak, Elzbieta, "Electrochemical properties of supercapacitors operating in aqueous electrolyte with surfactants," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 55 no. 25, pp. 7484-7488, Oct. 30, 2010.

[1532] Fic, Krzysztof, Meller, Mikolaj, and Frackowiak, Elzbieta, "Strategies for enhancing the performance of carbon/carbon supercapacitors in aqueous electrolytes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 128, pp. 210-217, May 10, 2014.

[1533] Figueroa, David G., and Li, Y. L., "A Techniques for the Characterization of Multi-Terminal Capacitors for High Frequency Applications," 2000 Proceedings 50th Electronic Components & Technology Conference, Las Vegas, NV, May 21-24, 2000, pp. 445-448.

[1534] Fiore, Richard, "Capacitor ESR Measurement Technique," Ameriacn Technical Ceramics.

[1535] Fiore, Richard, "ESR Loss Factors," American Technical Ceramics.

[1536] Fiore, Richard, "ESR Losses in Ceramic Capacitors," Microwave Product Digest, Sept. 1999.

[1537] Fiore, Richard, "Piezoelectric Effect in Ceramic Capacitors," American Technical Ceramics.

[1538] Fiore, Richard, "Practical Capacitor Tolerance Selection for Coupling, DC Blocking and Bypass Applications," Microwave Product Digest, Sept. 2001.

[1539] Fiore, Richard, "RF Ceramic Chip Capacitors in High RF Power Applications," Microwave Journal, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 96-109, Apr. 2000.

[1540] Firek, Chester, and Kent, Bob, "Filtering and fast transient response," Electronic Products, vol. Power Supplement 2008, pp. 19-21, 2008.

[1541] Fischer, Thomas, Kneuer, Christian, Albach, Manfred, and Schubert, Goeran, "Mutual Inductance of Capacitor Low-Pass Filters," 2009 20th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Zurich, Switzerland, Jan. 12-16, 2009, pp. 381-384.

[1542] Fischer, V., Stormer, H., Gerthsen, D., Stenzel, M., Zillgen, H., and Ivers-Tiffee, E., "Niobium as New Material for Electrolyte Capacitors with Nanoscale Dielectric Oxide Layers," Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, Volume 3, Nagoya, Japan, June 1-5, 2003, pp. 1134-1137.

[1543] Fiset, Erika, Bae, Jun-Seok, Rufford, Thomas E., Bhatia, Suresh, Lu, Gao Qing, and Hulicova-Jurcakova, Denisa, "Effects of structural properties of silicon carbide-derived carbons on their electrochemical double-layer capacitance in aqueous and organic electrolytes," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 18 no. 3, pp. 703-711, Mar. 2014.

[1544] Fisher, J. S., "Failure Characteristics of Thin Film Capacitors," 10th Annual Reliability Physics Symposium, Las Vegas, NV, Apr. 5-7, 1972, pp. 183-187.

[1545] Fisher, John, and Camerlo, Sergio, "The Role of Capacitors in High-Speed Systems Design," DesignCon99 High-Performance System Design Conference, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 1-4, 1999, pp. 137-155.

[1546] Fisher, John M., and Camerlo, Sergio D., "The Role of Capacitors in High-Speed Systems Design," DesignCon99 High-Performance System Design Conference Proceedings Addendum, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 1-4, 1999, pp. 59-93.

[1547] Fizesan, Raul, and Pop, Ovidiu, "A MATLAB Tool to Optimize the Selection of the Decoupling Capacitors in a PDN," 2012 IEEE 18th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, Alba Iulia, Romania, Oct. 25-28, 2012, pp. 223-226.

[1548] Fizesan, Raul, and Pitica, Dan, "Circuit Models for Power/Ground Planes on PCBs Using SPICE Method," 2009 15th International Symposium for Design and Technology of Electronics Packages, Gyula, Hungary, Sept. 17-20, 2009, pp. 155-160.

[1549] Fizesan, Raul T., and Pitica, Dan, "MATLab Platform to Calculate the Transfer Impedance of Power and Ground Planes," 2010 33rd International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology, Warsaw, Poland, May 12-16, 2010, pp. 500-505.

[1550] Fizesan, Raul T., Pitica, Dan, and Man, Lucian, "Power Integrity Analysis and Bypass Capacitor Selection Using FDM on a Printed Circuit Board," 32nd International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, May 13-17, 2009, pp. xx-xx.

[1551] Fizesan, Raul, and Pitica, Dan, "Power Integrity Design Tips to Minimize the Effects of Mounting Inductance of Decoupling Capacitors," 2012 13th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Brasso, Romania, May 24-26. 2012, pp. 36-41.

[1552] Fizesan, Raul, and Pitica, Dan, "Pre-Layout Power Integrity Analysis in the Design Flow of a PCB," 2011 IEEE 17th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, Timisoara, Romania, Oct. 20-23, 2011, pp. 77-80.

[1553] Fizesan, Raul, and Pitica, Dan, "Simulation for Power Integrity to Design a PCB for an Optimum Cost," 2010 IEEE 16th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, Pitesti, Romania, Sept. 23-26, 2010, pp. 141-146.

[1554] Fizesan, Raul, and Pitica, Dan, "The Impact of the Planes Parameters on the Noise of a Power Distribution Network," 2011 34th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology, Tratanska Lomnica, Slovakia, May 11-15, 2011, pp. 566-571.

[1555] Fizesan, Raul, Pop, Ovidiu, and Taut, Adrian, "Why the mounting inductance is important in designing a Power Distribution Network?," 2015 IEEE 21st International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging, Brasov, Romania, Oct. 22-25, 2015, pp. 191-194.

[1556] Flegr, Z., Faltus, R., Zednicek, T., Smith, Ian, Zajacek, J., and Sikula, J., "Tantalum Capacitor Benchmark in Portable Audio Applications," CARTS Asia 2007 Proceedings, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 9-13, 2007, pp. xx-xx.

[1557] Fletcher, Stephen, Black, Victoria Jane, and Kirkpatrick, Iain, "A universal equivalent circuit for carbon-based supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 18 no. 5, pp. 1377-1387, May 2014.

[1558] Flicker, Jack, Kaplar, Robert, Marinella, Matthew, and Granata, Jennifer, "Lifetime Testing of Metallized Thin Film Capacitors for Inverter Applications," 2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference , Tampa, FL, June 16-21, 2013, pp. 3340-3342.

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GGGG

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[1654] Gao, Yilong, Wu, Jianxiang, Zhang, Wei, Tan, Yueyue, Gao, Jing, Zhao, Jiachang, and Tang, Bohejin, "The calcined zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) under different conditions as electrode for supercapacitor applications," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 18 no. 11, pp. 3203-3207, Nov. 2014.

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HHHH

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[2260] Jiang, Yong, Ling, Xuetao, Jiao, Zheng, Li, Li, Ma, Qiliang, Wu, Minghong, Chu, Yuliang, and Zhao, Bing, "Flexible of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/manganese dioxide nanoflake textiles for high-performance electrochemical capacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 153, pp. 246-253, Jan. 20, 2015.

[2261] Jiang, Zhenglong, Li, Hua, Wang, Bowen, Wang, Wenjuan, Li, Haoyuan, He, Junjia, and Lin, Fuchang, "Fracture Behavior of Metallized Electrode for Capacitor Under Pulsed Current," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation , vol. 23 no. 5, pp. 2517-2525, Oct. 2016.

[2262] Jiao, Dan, Kim, Joong-Ho, and He, Jiangqi, "Efficient Full-Wave Characterization of Discrete High-Density Multiterminal Decoupling Capacitors for High-Speed Digital Systems," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 31 no. 1, pp. 154-162, Feb. 2008.

[2263] Jiao, Yue, Wan, Caichao, and Li, Jian, "Scalable synthesis and characterization of free-standing supercapacitor electrode using natural wood as a green substrate to support rod-shaped polyaniline," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , vol. 28 no. 3, pp. 2634-2641, Feb. 2017.

[2264] Jin, Guizhen, Xiao, Xuxian, Li, Shun, Zhao, Kuangmin, Wu, Yuanzhan, Sun, Dan, and Wang, Fen, "Strongly coupled graphene/Mn3O4 composite with enhanced electrochemical performance for supercapacitor electrode," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 178, pp. 689-698, Oct. 1, 2015.

[2265] Jin, Han-Biao, Li, Er-Ping, Ruehli, Albert E., Drewniak, James L., and Archambeault, Bruce, "Time domain PDN noise modeling for high performance system," 2016 IEEE 25th Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems , San Diego, CA, Oct. 23-26, 2016, pp. 61-64.

[2266] Jin, Ming, Han, Gaoyi, Chang, Yunzhen, Zhao, Hua, and Zhang, Huanyu, "Flexible electrodes based on polypyrrole/manganese dioxide/polypropylene fibrous membrane composite for supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 56 no. 27, pp. 9838-9845, Nov. 30, 2011.

[2267] Jin, Zhen-Yu, Lu, An-Hui, Xu, Yuan-Yuan, Zhang, Jin-Tao, and Li, Wen-Cui, "Ionic Liquid-Assisted Synthesis of Microporous Carbon Nanosheets for Use in High Rate and Long Cycle Life Supercapacitors," Advanced Materials , vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[2268] Jing, Mingjun, Yang, Yingchang, Zhu, Yirong, Hou, Hongshuai, Wu, Zhibin, and Ji, Xiaobo, "An Asymmetric Ultracapacitors Utilizing a-Co(OH)2/Co3O4 Flakes Assisted by Electrochemically Alternating Voltage," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 141, pp. 234-240, Sept. 20, 2014.

[2269] Jing, Mingjun, Hou, Hongshuai, Yang, Yingchang, Zhu, Yirong, Wu, Zhibin, and Ji, Xiaobo, "Electrochemically alternating voltage tuned Co2MnO4/Co hydroxide chloride for an asymmetric supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 165, pp. 198-205, May 20, 2015.

[2270] Jisha, M. R., Hwang, Yun Ju, Shin, Jae Sun, Nahm, Kee Suk, Kumar, T. Prem, Karthikeyan, K., Dhanikaivelu, N., Kalpana, D., Renganathan, N. G., and Stephan, A. Manuel, "Electrochemical characterization of supercapacitors based on carbons derived from coffee shells," Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 115 no. 1, pp. 33-39, May 15, 2009.

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[2281] Johnson, Howard, "Benefits of Resistive Probe," High-Speed Digital Design On-Line Newsletter, vol. 5, issue 4.

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[2305] Johnson, Howard, "Making Noise," EDN, vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, Sept. 15, 2005.

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[2308] Johnson, Howard, "Measuring Power Ground Impedance," High-Speed Digital Design On-Line Newsletter, vol. 2, issue 14.

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[2321] Johnson, Howard, "Power Bus Noise," High-Speed Digital Design On-Line Newsletter, vol. 1, issue 9.

[2322] Johnson, Howard, "Power Plane Resistance," EDN, July 11, 2002.

[2323] Johnson, Howard, "Power Plane Resonance," EDN, vol. 43, no. 18, pp. 22, Sept. 1, 1998.

[2324] Johnson, Howard, "Probes," High-Speed Digital Design On-Line Newsletter, vol. 1, issue 13.

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KKKK

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[2484] Kim, Jingook, Fan, Jun, Ruehli, Albert E., Kim, Joungho, and Drewniak, James L., "Inductance Calculations for Plane-Pair Area Fills With Vias in a Power Distribution Network Using a Cavity Model and Partial Inductances," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques vol. 59 no. 8, pp. 1909-1924, Aug. 2011.

[2485] Kim, Jingook, Ren, Liehui, and Fan, Jun, "Physics-Based Inductance Extraction for Via Arrays in Parallel Planes for Power Distribution Network Design," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 58 no. 9, pp. 2434-2447, Sept. 2010.

[2486] Kim, Ji-Young, Kim, Kwang-Heon, Park, Sang-Hoon, and Kim, Kwang-Bum, "Microwave-polyol synthesis of nanocrystalline ruthenium oxide nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes for electrochemical capacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[2487] Kim, Jong-Huy, Lee, Yong-Sung, Sharma, Ashok K., and Liu, Chen G., "Polypyrrole/carbon composite electrode for high-power electrochemical capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 52 no. 4, pp. 1727-1732, Dec. 1, 2006.

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[2489] Kim, Jonghoon, Choi, Baekkyu, Kim, Hyungsoo, Ryu, Woonghwan, Yun, Young-hwan, Ham, Seog-heon, Kim, Soo-Hyung, Lee, Yong-hee, and Kim, Joungho, "Separated Role of On-chip and On-PCB Decoupling Capacitors for Reduction of Radiated Emission on Printed Circuit Board," 2001 IEEE EMC International Symposium Symposium Record - Volume 1, Montreal, Canada, Aug. 13-17, 2001, pp. 531-536.

[2490] Kim, Jongmin, Song, Ki-Jae, Yoo, Jongwoon, and Nah, Wansoo, "Analysis of Coupled Simultaneous Switching Noise Induced from Power Delivery Network in Adjacent Switching Circuit," 11th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference, Singapore, Dec. 9-11, 2009, pp. 968-972.

[2491] Kim, Joo Hyun, Lee, Sangkyu, Lee, Jung Woo, Song, Taeseup, and Paik, Ungyu, "3D-interconnected Nanoporous RGO-CNT Structure for Supercapacitors Application," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 125, pp. 536-542, Apr. 10, 2014.

[2492] Kim, Joong-Ho, and Swaminathan, Madhavan, "Analysis of Multi-Layered Irregular Power Distribution Planes with Vias Using Transmission Matrix Method," Proceedings 10th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Cambridge, MA, Oct. 29-31, 2001, pp. 207-210.

[2493] Kim, Joong-Ho, Jiao, Dan, He, Jiangqi, Radhakrishnan, Kaladhar, and Dai, Changhong, "Characterization of Discrete Decoupling Capacitors for High-Speed Digital Systems," 54th Electronic Components & Technology Conference, Volume 1, Las Vegas, NV, June 1-4, 2004, pp. 259-265.

[2494] Kim, Joong-Ho, Matoglu, Erdem, Choi, Jinwoo, and Swaminathan, Madhavan, "Modeling of Multi-Layered Power Distribution Planes Including Via Effects Using Transmission Matrix Method," Proceedings of ASP-DAC/VLSI Design 2002. 7th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference and 15th International Conference on VLSI Design, Bangalore, India, Jan. 7-11, 2002, pp. 59-64.

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[2496] Kim, Joong-Ho, Swaminathan, Madhavan, and Suh, Youngsuk Suh, "Modeling of Power Distribution Networks for Mixed Signal Applications," 2001 IEEE EMC International Symposium Symposium Record - Volume 2, Montreal, Canada, Aug. 13-17, 2001, pp. 1117-1122.

[2497] Kim, Joung Wook, Wada, Takeshi, Kim, Sung Gyoo, and Kato, Hidemi, "Enlarging the surface area of an electrolytic capacitor of porous niobium by Mg-Ce eutectic liquid dealloying," Scripta Materialia, vol. 122, pp. 68-71, Sept. 2016.

[2498] Kim, Joung Wook, Tsuda, Masashi, Wada, Takeshi, Yubuta, Kunio, Kim, Sung Gyoo, and Kato, Hidemi, "Optimizing niobium dealloying with metallic melt to fabricate porous structure for electrolytic capacitors," Acta Materialia, vol. 84, pp. 497-505, Feb. 1, 2015.

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[2501] Kim, JungHwa, Lee, Heeseok, Hwang, Jisoo, and Yoo, Jongkyu, "Ultra-low ESL capacitor based on Silicon technology with substrate embedded platform," 2020 IEEE 70th Electronic Components and Technology Conference, Lake Buena Vista, AL, May 26-29, 2020, pp. 861-866.

[2502] Kim, Juyoung, Lee, Seung-Hwan, Yoon, Jung-Rag, Van Tyne, Chester J., Ohk, Ki-Yool, and Lee, Heesoo, "Degradation Behavior of BaTiO3 Dielectrics for MLCCs by an Accelerated Life Test With Voltage and Temperature Stress Factors," Journal of Testing and Evaluation, vol. 44 no. 4, pp. 1593-1599, July 2016.

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[2673] Laheaar, Ann, Janes, Alar, and Lust, Enn, "Cesium carborane as an unconventional non-aqueous electrolyte salt for electrochemical capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 125, pp. 482-487, Apr. 10, 2014.

[2674] Laheaar, Ann, Peikolainen, Anna-Liisa, Koel, Mihkel, Janes, Alar, and Lust, Enn, "Comparison of carbon aerogel and carbide-derived carbon as electrode materials for non-aqueous supercapacitors with high performance," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 16 no. 8, pp. 2717-2722, Aug. 2012.

[2675] Laheaar, Ann, Kurig, Heisi, Janes, Alar, and Lust, Enn, "LiPF6 based ethylene carbonate - dimethyl carbonate electrolyte for high power density electrical double layer capacitor," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 54 no. 19, pp. 4587-4594, July 30, 2009.

[2676] Lai, Ching-Chang, and Lo, Chieh-Tsung, "Preparation of Nanostructural Carbon Nanofibers and Their Electrochemical Performance for Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 183, pp. 85-93, Nov. 20, 2015.

[2677] Lai, Feili, Huang, Yunpeng, Miao, Yue-E, and Liu, Tianxi, "Controllable preparation of multi-dimensional hybrid materials of nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide nanorods/nanosheets on electrospun carbon nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 174, pp. 456-463, Aug. 20, 2015.

[2678] Lai, Ken, Prymak, John, Blais, Peter, and Long, Bill, "Flex Capabilities Improved with Modified MLC Chip Capacitors," CARTS Asia 2006, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 9-11, 2006, pp. xx-xx.

[2679] Lai, Ken, Chen, Edward, Prymak, John, and Prevallet, Mike, "Impact of Lead Free Solders on MLC Flex Capabilities," Proceedings CARTS Asia 2005, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 11-15, 2005, pp. 171-178.

[2680] Lai, Ken, Prymak, John, Blais, Peter, Long, Bill, and Staubli, Paul, "Increased Ripple Current Capability through Facedown Terminations," CARTS Asia 2007 Proceedings, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 9-13, 2007, pp. xx-xx.

[2681] Lai, Ken, Chen, E., Blais, P., Lessner, P., Long, B., Mayer, A., and Prymak, J., "Step Surge Stress Test (SSST) Defines Dielectric Capability," CARTS Asia 2007 Proceedings, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 9-13, 2007, pp. xx-xx.

[2682] Lai, M., Drewniak, J. L., Ricchiuti, V., Orlandi, A., and Antonini, G., "Modeling of the IC's switching currents on the power bus of a high speed digital board," IEEE Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects , Berlin, Germany, May 9-12, 2006, pp. 51-54.

[2683] Lai, Maobai, Yu, Shuhui, Yang, Wenhu, and Sun, Rong, "Preparation and evaluation of embedded capacitors with high permittivity BT/ER composites by graft modified method," 2014 15th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Chengdu, China, Aug. 12-15, 2014, pp. 388-390.

[2684] Lai, Ming-lu, Kiang, Jean-Fu, and Jeng, Shyh-Kang, "Multi-Layers PCB Power Plane Resonance Analysis Using Method of Lines," Electromagnetic Compatibility 2001, Zurich, Switzerland, Feb. 20-22, 2001, pp. 265-268.

[2685] Lai, Qiang-Tao, Mao, Jun-Fa, and Zhang, Mu-Shui, "Compensation Design for DC Blocking Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor in High-Speed Applications," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 1 no. 5, pp. 742-751, May 2011.

[2686] Lai, Wenhui, Xie, Binghe, Wang, Yang, Yang, Cheng, and Wang, Ronghe, "Flexible ultrathin micro-supercapacitors based on laser-reduced graphene with superior electrochemical performance and aesthetic property," 2016 17th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Wuhan, China, Aug. 16-19, 2016, pp. 128-132.

[2687] Lai, Yan-qing, Li, Jing, Li, Jie, Lu, Hai, Zhang, Zhi-an, and Liu, Ye-xiang, "Preparation and electrochemical characterization of C/PANI composite electrode materials," Journal of Central South University of Technology , vol. 13 no. 4, pp. 353-359, Aug. 2006.

[2688] Lai, Yan-qing, Li, Jing, Song, Hai-shen, Zhang, Zhi-an, Li, Jie, and Liu, Ye-xiang, "Preparation of activated carbons from mesophase pitch and their electrochemical properties," Journal of Central South University of Technology, vol. 14 no. 5, pp. 633-637, Oct. 2007.

[2689] Lai, Yanqing, Chen, Xujie, Zhang, Zhian, Li, Jie, and Liu, Yexiang, "Tetraethylammonium difluoro(oxalato)borate as electrolyte salt for electrochemical double-layer capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 56 no. 18, pp. 6426-6430, July 15, 2011.

[2690] Lajnef, W., Vinassa, J.-M., Briat, O., Azzopardi, S., and Zardini, C., "Study of Ultracapacitors Dynamic Behaviour Using Impedance Frequency Analysis on a Specific Test Bench," 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Volume 2, Ajaccio, France, May 4-7, 2004, pp. 839-844.

[2691] Lall, Pradeep, Dornala, Kalyan, Suhling, Jeff, Deep, John, and Lowe, Ryan, "Effect of Dielectric Material on the Reliability of 3640 MLCC Capacitors under High-G Shock Loads," 2019 18th IEEE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems, Las Vegas, NV, May 28-31, 2019, pp. 1037-1046.

[2692] Lalwani, Shubra, Sahu, Vikrant, Marichi, Ram Bhagat, Singh, Gurmeet, and Sharma, Raj Kishore, "In situ immobilized, magnetite nanoplatelets over holey graphene nanoribbons for high performance solid state supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 224, Jan. 10, 2017, pp. 517-526.

[2693] Lam, Cheung-Wei, "Signal Integrity Design versus Radiated Emission Control," Nov. 2002.

[2694] Lambert, William J., Hill, Michael J., and Ayyanar, Rajapandian, "Estimation of Microprocessor Instantaneous Load Current," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 32 no. 4, pp. 831-840, Nov. 2009.

[2695] Lamiel, Charmaine, Nguyen, Van Hoa, Roh, Changhyun, Kang, ChanKyu, and Shim, Jae-Jin, "Synthesis of mesoporous RGO@(Co,Mn)3O4 nanocomposite by microwave-assisted method for supercapacitor application," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 210, pp. 240-250, Aug. 20, 2016.

[2696] Lammel, C., Schneider, M., Weiser, M., and Michaelis, A., "Investigations of electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) materials - a comparison of test methods," Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik , vol. 44 no. 7, pp. 641-649, July 2013.

[2697] Lamperski, Stanislaw, Bhuiyan, Lutful Bari, Henderson, Douglas, Kaja, Monika, and Silvestre-Alcantara, Whasington, "Influence of a size asymmetric dimer on the structure and differential capacitance of an electric double layer. A Monte Carlo study," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 226, Feb. 1, 2017, pp. 98-103.

[2698] Lan, Wei, Tang, Guomei, Sun, Yaru, Wei, Yupeng, La, Peiqing, Su, Qing, and Xie, Erqing, "Different-layered Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes/3D graphene composites for flexible supercapacitor electrodes," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[2699] Landers, Leslie, and Virutchapunt, Tanit, "The DC Design Squeeze," Printed Circuit Design and Fab, vol. 26 no. 2, pp. 34-37, Feb. 2009.

[2700] Landrock, Clinton K., and Kaminska, Bozena, "Ionomer Composite Thin Film Capacitors," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 1 no. 9, pp. 1305-1310, Sept. 2011.

[2701] Lane, George H., and Jezek, Erik, "Electrochemical studies of acetonitrile based supercapacitor electrolytes containing alkali and alkaline earth metal cations," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 150, pp. 173-187, Dec. 20, 2014.

[2702] Lang, Jun-Wei, Kong, Ling-Bin, Wu, Wei-Jin, Liu, Min, Luo, Yong-Chun, and Kang, Long, "A facile approach to the preparation of loose-packed Ni(OH)2 nanoflake materials for electrochemical capacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 13 no. 2, pp. 333-340, Feb. 2009.

[2703] Lang, Jun-Wei, Kong, Ling-Bin, Liu, Min, Luo, Yong-Chun, and Kang, Long, "Asymmetric supercapacitors based on stabilized a-Ni(OH)2 and activated carbon," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 14 no. 8, pp. 1533-1539, Aug. 2010.

[2704] Lang, X. Y., Yuan, H. T., Iwasa, Y., and Chen, M. W., "Three-dimensional nanoporous gold for electrochemical supercapacitors," Scripta Materialia, vol. 64 no. 9, pp. 923-926, May 2011.

[2705] Langston, Kent F., and Keller, Joe, "Cracked Multilayer Chip Capacitors - How to Avoid Them," Proceedings of the Technical Program NEPCON West 2000, Volume 2, Anaheim, CA, Feb. 29-Mar. 2, 2000, pp. 785-800.

[2706] Laps, Mark, Grace, Roy, Sloka, Bill, Prymak, John, Xu, Xilin, Pinceloup, Pascal, Gurav, Abhojit, Randall, Michael, Lessner, Philip, and Tajuddin, Aziz, "Capacitors for Reduced Microphonics and Sound Emission," CARTS 2007 Symposium Proceedings, Albuquerque, NM, Mar. 26-29, 2007, pp. 207-215.

[2707] Lau, W. S., Tan, T. S., Babu, Premila, and Sandler, Nathan P., "Mechanism of leakage current reduction of tantalum oxide capacitors by titanium doping," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 90 no. 11, pp. 112903-1-112903-3, Mar. 12, 2007.

[2708] Laumeister, Bill, "Don't let digital/analog misinterpretations put your design in jeopardy," EE Times, no, 1600, pp. 39-40,42, Apr. 18, 2011.

[2709] Lawless, W. N., and Clark Jr., C. F., "Energy Storage at 77 K in Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," Proceedings of the 31st Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Volume 2 , Washington, D.C., Aug. 11-16, 1996, pp. 672-675.

[2710] Lean, Meng H., and Chu, Wei-Ping L., "Dielectric Breakdown Model for Polymer Films," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 21 no. 5, pp. 2259-2266, Oct. 2014.

[2711] Lee, Baik-Woo, Booh, Seong Woon, and Shin, Kunsoo, "Embedded Discrete Passives Technology for Bandage-Type Medical Sensors of E-Healthcare System," 2011 IEEE 61st Electronic Components and Technology Conference, Lake Buena Vista, FL, May 31-June 3, 2011, pp. 1325-1331.

[2712] Lee, Baik-Woo, Abothu, Isaac Robin, Raj, P. Markondeya, Yoon, Chong K., and Tummala, Rao R., "Tailoring of temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) in nanocomposite capacitors," Scripta Materialia, vol. 54 no. 7, pp. 1231-1234, Apr. 2006.

[2713] Lee, Byoung Hwa, Park, Min Cheol, Park, Dong Seok, Park, Sang Soo, and Ahn, Young Ghyu, "Feed-Through Type Multilayer Capacitor for High Frequency Voltage Noise Suppression," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 19 no. 12, pp. 798-800, Dec. 2009.

[2714] Lee, Chao-Yu, Dupeux, Michel, and Tuan, Wei-Hsing, "Influence of Bulk and Interface Porosity on the Adhesion of Sintered Ag Films on Barium Titanate Substrates," Advanced Engineering Materials, vol. 13 no. 1-2, pp. 64-67, Feb. 2011.

[2715] Lee, Chung ho, Xu, Fan, and Jung, Cheolsoo, "Influence of the electrolyte distribution near the micropores of the activated carbon (AC) electrode on high rate performance of high voltage capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 131, pp. 240-244, June 10, 2014.

[2716] Lee, Gyoung-Ja, and Pyun, Su-Il, "Effect of microcrystallite structures on electrochemical characteristics of mesoporous carbon electrodes for electric double-layer capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 51 no. 15, pp. 3029-3038, Apr. 1, 2006.

[2717] Lee, Gyoung-Ja, Pyun, Su-Il, and Kim, Chang-Hee, "Kinetics of double-layer charging/discharging of the activated carbon fiber cloth electrode: effects of pore length distribution and solution resistance," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 8 no. 2, pp. 110-117, Jan. 2004.

[2718] Lee, H. F., Chan, C. Y., and Tang, C. S., "Embedding capacitors and resistors into printed circuit boards using a sequential lamination technique," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 207 no. 1-3, pp. 72-88, Oct. 16, 2008.

[2719] Lee, Hae-Min, Cho, Sung-Woon, Song, Chan-Ju, Kang, Heung Jung, Kwon, Bum Jin, and Kim, Chang-Koo, "Abrupt change with surfactant concentration in the surface morphology of the electrodeposited manganese oxide films for electrochemical capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 160, pp. 50-56, Apr. 1, 2015.

[2720] Lee, Heeseok, Hong, Young-Seok, Kam, Dongguen, and Kim, Joungho, "Analysis of Power Delivery Network constructed by Irregular-Shaped Power/Ground Plane including Densely Populated Via-Hole," 8th IEEE Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects, Heidelberg, Germany, May 9-12, 2004, pp. 31-34.

[2721] Lee, Heesok, Hong, Yeong-Seok, Kam, Dong Gun, and Kim, Joungho, "Analysis of Power Delivery Network Constructed by Irregular-Shaped Power/Ground Plane Including Densely Populated Via-Hole," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 28 no. 2, pp. 168-173, May 2005.

[2722] Lee, Hyeong-Gi, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "Effects of Curing Agent and Curing Temperature on Material Properties of Epoxy/BaTiO3 Composite Embedded Capacitor Films," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 5 no. 4, pp. 451-459, Apr. 2015.

[2723] Lee, Hyuck, Kim, Hyeongkeun, Cho, Mi Suk, Choi, Jaeboong, and Lee, Youngkwan, "Fabrication of polypyrrole (PPy)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite electrode on ceramic fabric for supercapacitor applications," Electrochimica Acta , vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[2724] Lee, J. H., Hannon, M., and Minogue, G., "High Efficiency Media Free Electroplating of SMT Discrete Device Terminations," CARTS-Europe 2004, Nice, France, Oct. 18-21, 2004, pp. 214-216.

[2725] Lee, Jae-Young, Lee, Jong-Heun, and Hong, Seong-Hyeon, Lee, Yong Kyun, and Choi, Jae-Young, "Coating BaTiO3 Nanolayers on Spherical Ni Powders for Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," Advanced Materials, vol. 15 no. 19, pp. 1655-1658, Oct. 2003.

[2726] Lee, Jang-Sik, and Joo, Seung-Ki, "The Problem Originating from the Grain Boundaries in Dielectric Storage Capacitors," 2001 International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium , Washington, D.C., Dec. 5-7, 2001, pp. 165-168.

[2727] Lee, Jeong Woo, Ko, Jang Myoun, and Kim, Jong-Duk, "Hydrothermal preparation of nitrogen-doped graphene sheets via hexamethylenetetramine for application as supercapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 85, pp. 459-466, Dec. 15, 2012.

[2728] Lee, Jeong Woo, Ahn, Taebin, Kim, Jong Hun, Ko, Jang Myoun, and Kim, Jong-Duk, "Nanosheets based mesoporous NiO microspherical structures via facile and template-free method for high performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 56 no. 13, pp. 4849-4857, May 1, 2011.

[2729] Lee, Jung-Kun, Lee, Young Hyun, Hong, Kug Sun, and Jang, Jin-Wook, "Role of internal stress on room-temperature permittivity of BaTiO3 ceramics and thin films," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 95 no. 1, pp. 219-225, Jan. 1, 2004.

[2730] Lee, Junho, Lu, Albert Chee W., Fan, Wei, Wai, Lai L., and Kim, Joungho, "Effects of Decoupling Capacitor on Signal Integrity in Applications with Reference Plane Change," 2003 Proceedings 53rd Electronic Components & Technology Conference, New Orleans, LA, May 27-30, 2003, pp. 1283-1288.

[2731] Lee, Junho, Lee, Hyungdong, Park, Kunwoo, Chung, Byongtae, Kim, Jaemin, and Kim, Joungho, "Impact of Partial EBG PDN on PI, SI and Lumped Model-Based Correlation," Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and 19th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Singapore, May 19-23, 2008, pp. 168-171.

[2732] Lee, Junwoo, Rotaru, Mihai Dragos, Iyer, Mahadevan K., Kim, Hyungsoo, and Kim, Joungho, "Analysis and Suppression of SSN Noise Coupling Between Power/Ground Plane Cavities Through Cutouts in Multilayer Packages and PCBs," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 28 no. 2, pp. 298-309, May 2005.

[2733] Lee, K. J., Bhattacharya, Swapan, Varadarajan, Mahesh, Wan, Lixi, Abothu, Isaac Robin, Sundaram, Venky, Muthana, Prathap, Balaraman, Devarajan, Raj, P. M., Swaminathan, Madhavan, Sitaraman, Suresh, and Tummala, Rao, "Design, Fabrication, and Reliability Assessment of Embedded Resistors and Capacitors on Multilayered Organic Substrates," 2005 IEEE/CPMT 10th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials, Irvine, CA, Mar. 16-18, 2005, pp. 249-254.

[2734] Lee, Ken, and Barber, Alan, "Modeling and Analysis of Multichip Module Power Supply Planes," Hewlett Packard HPL-94-32, Mar. 1994.

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[2736] Lee, Kevin, Jahns, Thomas M., Venkataramanan, Giri, and Berkopec, William E., "DC-Bus Electrolytic Capacitor Stress in Adjustable-Speed Drives Under Input Voltage Unbalance and Sag Conditions," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 43 no. 2, pp. 495-504, Mar.-Apr. 2007.

[2737] Lee, Koon-Yang, Qian, Hui, Tay, Feng H., Blaker, Jonny J., Kazarian, Sergei G., and Bismarck, Alexander, "Bacterial cellulose as source for activated nanosized carbon for electric double layer capacitors," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 48 no. 1, pp. 367-376, Jan. 2013.

[2738] Lee, Kuang-Tsin, Lee, Jyh-Fu, and Wu, Nae-Lih, "Electrochemical characterizations on MnO2 supercapacitors with potassium polyacrylate and potassium polyacrylate-co-polyacrylamide gel polymer electrolytes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 54 no. 26, pp. 6148-6153, Nov. 1, 2009.

[2739] Lee, Kyoungho, "Characterization of LiF/CuO-Codoped BaTiO3 for Embedded Capacitors," Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 44 no. 3, pp. 797-803, Mar. 2015.

[2740] Lee, Kyung Min, Kim, Minjae, Lee, Eunsoo, Baeck, Sung Hyeon, and Shim, Sang Eun, "Nylon 6,6/Polyaniline Based Sheath Nanofibers for High-Performance Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 213, pp. 124-131, Sept. 20, 2016.

[2741] Lee, Man-Jong, Kim, Joo Sun, Choi, Sun Hee, Lee, Jae Joon, Kim, Soo Ho, Jee, Seung Hyun, and Yoon, Young Soo, "Characteristics of thin film supercapacitor with ruthenium oxide electrode and Ta2O5+x solid oxide thin film electrolyte," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. 17 no. 2-4, pp. 639-643, Dec. 2006.

[2742] Lee, Ming-Tsung, Chang, Jeng-Kuei, Hsieh, Yao-Tsung, Tsai, Wen-Ta, and Lin, Chung-Kwei, "Manganese oxide thin films prepared by potentiodynamic electrodeposition and their supercapacitor performance," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 14 no. 9, pp. 1697-1703, Sept. 2010.

[2743] Lee, Sang Ha, Kwon, Youngtak, Park, Sengyoen, Cho, Misuk, and Lee, Youngkwan, "Facile synthesis of MnCO3 nanoparticles by supercritical CO2 and their conversion to manganese oxide for supercapacitor electrode materials," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 50 no. 18, pp. 5952-5959, Sept. 2015.

[2744] Lee, Sangyong, Hyun, Jin-Gul, Kim, Hyungsoo, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "A Study on Dielectric Constants of Epoxy/SrTiO3 Composite for Embedded Capacitor Films (ECFs)," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 30 no. 3, pp. 428-433, Aug. 2007.

[2745] Lee, Sangyong, Hyun, Jin-Gul, Pak, Jim So, Lee, Heejae, Jeon, Hyun Sin, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "Fabrication and Characterization of Embedded Capacitors in Printed Circuit Boards using B-stage Epoxy/BaTiO3 Composite Embedded Capacitor Films (ECFs)," 2008 Proceedings 58th Electronic Components &, Technology Conference , Lake Buena Vista, FL, May 27-30, 2008, pp. 742-746.

[2746] Lee, Sangyong, Hyun, Jin-Gul, Park, Hyunjeong, Kim, Joungho, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "Frequency Behavior of Embedded Epoxy/SrTiO3 Composite Capacitor Materials," 2005 Proceedings 55th Electronic Components & Technology Conference, Volume 1, Orlando, FL, May 31-June 3, 2005, pp. 1222-1227.

[2747] Lee, Sangyong, Hyun, Jin-Gul, Chung, Chang Kyu, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "Multi-Functional Epoxy/SrTiO3 Ceramic Powder Embedded Capacitor Films(ECFs) for Organic Substrates," 8th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference , Singapore, Dec. 6-8, 2006, pp. 549-552.

[2748] Lee, Sangyong, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "Reduced Temperature Coefficient of Capacitance (TCC) of Embedded Capacitor Films (ECFs) for Organic Substrates using SrTiO3 and Multifunctional Epoxy," Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 39 no. 8, pp. 1358-1363, Aug. 2010.

[2749] Lee, Sangyong, Jang, Jong Min, Lee, Woong Sun, and Paik, Kyung-Wook, "Reliability Enhancement of Embedded Capacitors in Printed Circuit Boards using B-stage Epoxy/BaTiO3 Composite Embedded Capacitor Films (ECFs)," 59th Electronic Components & Technology Conference, San Diego, CA, May 26-29, 2009, pp. 771-776.

[2749d] Lee, Scott, Kuo, Judy, Chen, Bowen, Wu, Justin, Kuo, Allen, and Syu, Joanne, "New Methodology to Include VR Model in PDN Frequency Domain Analysis and Correlation to Time Domain Transient Simulation," 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility & Signal/ Power Integrity, Reno, NV, July 27-31, 2020, pp. 6-9.

[2750] Lee, Seung-Bok, and Sinn, Dong-Sook, "Effect of Redox Reaction of Ni Inner Electrode on the Sintering Behavior of MLCC chip," CARTS-Europe 2004, Nice, France, Oct. 18-21, 2004, pp. 188-194.

[2751] Lee, Seung-Hwan, Kim, Hong-Ki, Lee, Jeong Hyun, Lee, Sung-Gap, and Lee, Young-Hie, "Fabrication and electrochemical properties of cylindrical hybrid supercapacitor using H2Ti12O25 as anode material," Materials Letters , vol. 143, pp. 101-104, Mar. 15, 2015.

[2752] Lee, Seung-Mi, Lee, Sangkyu, Cho, Chae-Woong, Paik, Ungyu, Kim, Dae-Hwan, Na, Eun-Sang, and Park, Jea-Gun, "Surface modification of BaTiO3 with yttrium, and dissolution and adsorption/precipitation behaviors of BaTiO3," Journal of Electroceramics, vol. 17 no. 2-4, pp. 355-358, Dec. 2006.

[2753] Lee, Su Min, Ko, You Na, Choi, Seung Ho, Kim, Jong Hwa, and Kang, Yun Chan, "Capacitive properties of reduced graphene oxide microspheres with uniformly dispersed nickel sulfide nanocrystals prepared by spray pyrolysis," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 167, pp. 287-293, June 10, 2015.

[2754] Lee, Wai Ling, and Quek, Li Chuang, "Structural Package and Board Design Approach for System-on-Chip Power Delivery Analysis," 2012 4th Asia Symposium on Quality Electronic Design , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, July 10-11, 2012, pp. 237-242.

[2755] Lee, Wonkyun, Suzuki, Shinya, and Miyayama, Masaru, "Electrode properties of defect-introduced graphene sheets for electrochemical capacitors using aqueous electrolyte," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 142, pp. 240-246, Oct. 1, 2014.

[2756] Lee, Y. P., and Kong, M. G., "Numerically Established Correlation in Electrical Responses of Polymer Film Capacitors to ac and Pulsed Voltages," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 8 no. 6, pp. 880-888, Dec. 2001.

[2757] Lee, Y. P., and Kong, M. G., "Surface Field Dynamics in dc Film Capacitors under an Impulse Voltage Perturbation," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 8 no. 2, pp. 293-298, Apr. 2001.

[2758] Lee, Ying-Chieh, and Chiang, Chen-Su, "High dielectric constant of (Ba0.96Ca0.04)(Ti0.85Zr0.15)O3 multilayer ceramic capacitors with Cu doped Ni electrodes," Journal of Alloys and Compounds , vol. 509 no. 24, pp. 6973-6979, June 16, 2011.

[2759] Lee, Ying-Chieh, "Investigation of thin film end-termination on multilayer ceramic capacitors," Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 110 no. 1, pp. 100-105, July 15, 2008.

[2760] Leferink, Frank B. J., and Doorn, Marcell J. C. M. van, "Inductance of Printed Circuit Board Ground Planes," 1993 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Dallas, TX, Aug. 9-13, 1993, pp. 327-329.

[2761] Lei, Chunhong, Markoulidis, Foivos, Ashitaka, Zenya, and Lekakou, Constantina, "Reduction of porous carbon/Al contact resistance for an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC)," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 92, pp. 183-187, Mar. 1, 2013.

[2762] Lei, Danyun, Devarayan, Kesavan, Seo, Min-Kang, Kim, Young Geun, and Kim, Byoung-Suhk, "Flexible polyaniline-decorated carbon fiber nanocomposite mats as supercapacitors," Materials Letters, vol. 154, pp. 173-176, Sept. 1, 2015.

[2763] Lei, Danyun, Song, Kyung-Hun, Li, Xiang-Dan, Kim, Hak-Yong, and Kim, Byoung-Suhk, "Nanostructured polyaniline/kenaf-derived 3D porous carbon materials with high cycle stability for supercapacitor electrodes," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 52 no. 4, pp. 2158-2168, Feb. 2017.

[2764] Lei, Gang, Hu, Xiaoyong, Peng, Zhiguang, Hu, Jiawen, and Liu, Hongtao, "Facile synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-modified, nitrogen-doped carbon xerogel with enhanced electrochemical capacitance," Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 148 no. 3, pp. 1171-1177, Dec. 15, 2014.

[2765] Lei, Junyu, Jiang, Ziqiao, Lu, Xiaofeng, Nie, Guangdi, and Wang, Ce, "Synthesis of Few-Layer MoS2 Nanosheets-Wrapped Polyaniline Hierarchical Nanostructures for Enhanced Electrochemical Capacitance Performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 176, pp. 149-155, Sept. 10, 2015.

[2766] Lei, Wen, Han, Lili, Xuan, Cuijuan, Lin, Ruoqian, Liu, Hongfang, Xin, Huolin L., and Wang, Deli, "Nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers derived from polypyrrole coated bacterial cellulose as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 210, pp. 130-137, Aug. 20, 2016.

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[2783] Lerner, Moisey, "Which Non-Sinusoidal Voltage May Shorten the Life of a Capacitor," 27th Electronic Components Conference, Arlington, VA, May 16-18, 1977, pp. 468-474.

[2784] Lesea, Austin, and Alexander, Mark, "Powering Xilinx FPGAs," Xilinx Application Note XAPP158, Aug. 5, 2002.

[2785] Lessner, Phillip, Hahn, Randy, and Pritchard, Kim, "Strategies for Manufacturing Ultra Low ESR Ta Capacitors," Proceedings CARTS Asia 2005, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 11-13, 2005, pp. 116-122.

[2786] Letz, Martin, Besinger, Jorn, Hovhannisyan, Martun, Braun, Hubertus, Kluge, Michael, Seiler, Daniela, Schultz, Niko, and Rudiger, Bernd, "Glass ceramics as dielectrics for high power capacitors," 2014 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference, Santa Fe, NM, June 1-5, 2014, pp. 1-4.

[2787] Levant, Jean-Luc, Ramdani, Mohamed, Perdriau, Richard, and Drissi, M'hamed, "EMC Assessment at Chip and PCB Level: Use of the ICEM Model for Jitter Analysis in an Integrated PLL," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 49 no. 1, pp. 182-191, Feb. 2007.

[2788] Levikari, Saku, Karkkainen, Tommi J., Andersson, Caroline, Tamminen, Juha, and Silventoinen, Pertti, "Acoustic Phenomena in Damaged Ceramic Capacitors," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 570-577, Jan. 2018.

[2789] Levy, Markus, "Processors measure up to the power challenge."

[2790] Lewandowski, A., Zajder, M., Frackowiak, E., and Beguin, F., "Supercapacitor based on activated carbon and polyethylene oxide-KOH-H2O polymer electrolyte," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 46 no. 18, pp. 2777-2780, May 21, 2001.

[2791] Lewandowski, Andrzej, Jakobczyk, Pawel, and Galinski, Maciej, "Capacitance of electrochemical double layer capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 86, pp. 225-231, Dec. 30, 2012.

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[2793] Li, Baolong, "Decoupling capacitor derating study under DC bias and cooling environment," 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal & Power Integrity, New Orleans, LA, July 22-26, 2019, pp. 511-515.

[2794] Li, Bin, Wang, Chunqing, Wu, Weiwei, Zhang, Wei, and Zhong, Ying, "Effect of LaNiO3 Electrode on Crystallization of BaTiO3 Thin Films for Capacitors Prepared by Solgel Technique," 2011 12th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology and High Density Packaging , Shanghai, China, Aug. 8-11, 2011, pp. 357-360.

[2795] Li, Bo, Fu, Yongsheng, Xia, Hui, and Wang, Xin, "High-performance asymmetric supercapacitors based on MnFe2O4/graphene nanocomposite as anode material," Materials Letters, vol. 122, pp. 193-196, May 1, 2014.

[2796] Li, Chunying, Wang, Shuyuan, Zhang, Guowei, Du, Zhiling, Wang, Guiling, Yang, Jing, Qin, Xiujuan, and Shao, Guangjie, "Three-dimensional crisscross porous manganese oxide/carbon composite networks for high performance supercapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 161, pp. 32-39, Apr. 10, 2015.

[2797] Li, Chun-Hao, and Tsai, Ming-Jong, "3D laser trimming technology for regulating embedded thick-film carbon resistors on a random access memory module," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 209 no. 4, pp. 2057-2067, Feb. 19, 2009.

[2798] Li, Dongwei, Yu, Feng, Yu, Zhixin, Sun, Xiaoming, and Li, Yingchun, "Three-dimensional flower-like Co(OH)2 microspheres of nanoflakes/nanorods assembled on nickel foam as binder-free electrodes for High performance supercapacitors," Materials Letters, vol. 158, pp. 17-20, Nov. 1, 2015.

[2799] Li, Er-Ping, and Liu, En-Xiao, "Domain and Modal Decomposition for Efficient Signal and Power Integrity Analysis of Multilayer Packages and PCBs," 2012 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Montreal, Canada, June 17-22, 2012, pp. xx-xx.

[2800] Li, Fei, Zhang, Yu Xin, Huang, Ming, Xing, Yuan, and Zhang, Li Li, "Rational Design of Porous MnO2 Tubular Arrays via Facile and Templated Method for High Performance Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 154, pp. 329-337, Feb. 1, 2015.

[2801] Li, Guo-Chang, Hua, Xiu-Ni, Liu, Peng-Fei, Xie, Yi-Xin, and Han, Lei, "Porous Co3O4 microflowers prepared by thermolysis of metal-organic framework for supercapacitor," Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 168, pp. 127-131, Nov. 15, 2015.

[2802] Li, Han-Yu, Yu, Yao, Liu, Lang, Liu, Lin, and Wu, Yue, "One-step electrochemically expanded graphite foil for flexible all-solid supercapacitor with high rate performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 228, pp. 553-561, Feb. 20, 2017.

[2803] Li, Haoyuan, Li, Hua, Li, Zhiwei, Lin, Fuchang, Liu, De, Wang, Wenjuan, Wang, Bowen, and Xu, Zhijian, "T pattern fuse construction in segment metallized film capacitors based on self-healing characteristics," Microelectronics Reliability, vol. 55 no. 6, pp. 945-951, May 2015.

[2803d] Li, Haoyuan, Li, Hua, Li, Zhiwei, Lin, Fuchang, Wang, Wenjuan, Wang, Bowen, Huang, Xiang, and Guo, Xiaolong, "Temperature dependence of self-healing characteristics of metallized polypropylene film," Microelectronics Reliability, vol. 55 no. 12 pt. B, pp. 2721-2726, Dec. 2015.

[2804] Li, Hehe, Zhang, Xiangdong, Ding, Rui, Qi, Li, and Wang, Hongyu, "Facile synthesis of mesoporous MnO2 microspheres for high performance AC//MnO2 aqueous hybrid supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 108, pp. 497-505, Oct. 1, 2013.

[2805] Li, Hongliang, Liu, Suqin, Huang, Chenghuan, Zhou, Zhi, Li, Yanhua, and Fang, Dong, "Characterization and supercapacitor application of coin-like b-nickel hydroxide nanoplates," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 58, pp. 89-94, Dec. 30, 2011.

[2806] Li, Hua, Wang, Bowen, Li, Zhiwei, Liu, De, Li, Haoyuan, Zhang, Qin, Lin, Fuchang, and Chen, Yaohong, "Effect of Pulsed Discharge Current on Lifetime Performance of Metallized Polypropylene Film Capacitors," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 21 no. 3, pp. 957-963, June 2014.

[2807] Li, Hua, Li, Zhiwei, Lin, Fuchang, Chen, Yaohong, Liu, De, and Wang, Bowen, "Measurement and Analysis of Insulation Resistance of Metallized Polypropylene Film Capacitor under High Electric Field," 2012 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference, San Diego, CA, June 3-7, 2012, pp. 617-619.

[2808] Li, Hua, Li, Zhiwei, Lin, Fuchang, Zhang, Qin, Wang, Bowen, Li, Haoyuan, Xu, Zhijian, and Wenjuan, Wang, "Metallized Polypropylene Film Capacitors in Repetitive Pulse Applications," 2014 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference , Santa Fe, NM, June 1-5, 2014, pp. 133-136.

[2809] Li, Hua, Huang, Xiang, Li, Zhiwei, Li, Haoyuan, Wang, Wenjuan, Wang, Bowen, Zhang, Qin, and Lin, Fuchang, "Modeling of ESR in metallized film capacitors and its implication on pulse handling capability," Microelectronics Reliability, vol. 55 no. 7, pp. 1046-1053, June 2015.

[2810] Li, Hua, Li, Liwei, Wang, Wenjuan, Li, Haoyuan, Lin, Fuchang, and Huang, Xiang, "Study on the Lifetime Characteristics of Pulsed Capacitors based on the Theory of Space Charge," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 23 no. 5, pp. 2526-2533, Oct. 2016.

[2811] Li, Hua, Chen, Yaohong, Lin, Fuchang, Peng, Bo, Lv, Fei, Zhang, Miao, and Li, Zhiwei, "The Capacitance Loss Mechanism of Metallized Film Capacitor under Pulsed Discharge Condition," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 18 no. 6, pp. 2089-2094, Dec. 2011.

[2812] Li, Huailong, Jiang, Lixue, Cheng, Qilin, He, Ying, Pavlinek, Vladimir, Saha, Petr, and Li, Chunzhong, "MnO2 nanoflakes/hierarchical porous carbon nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 164, pp. 252-259, May 10, 2015.

[2813] Li, Hui, Yao, Kai, Zhou, Xufeng, Yang, Fei, and Zhang, Junfang, "A Novel Online ESR and C Identification Method for Output Capacitor of Flyback Converter," 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition , Cincinnati, OH, Sept. 18-22, 2016, pp. xx-xx.

[2814] Li, Jia-Jia, Hu, Yu-Xia, Liu, Mao-Cheng, Kong, Ling-Bin, Hu, Yu-Mei, Han, Wei, Luo, Yong-Chun, and Kang, Long, "Mechanical alloying synthesis of Ni3S2 nanoparticles as electrode material for pseudocapacitor with excellent performances," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 656, pp. 138-145, Jan. 25, 2016.

[2815] Li, Jian, Liu, En-hui, Li, Wen, Meng, Xiang-yun, and Tan, Song-ting, "Nickel/carbon nanofibers composite electrodes as supercapacitors prepared by electrospinning," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 478 no. 1-2, pp. 371-374, June 10, 2009.

[2816] Li, Jian-Hua, Wang, Sea-Fue, Hsu, Yung-Fu, Chung, Tsai-Fu, and Yang, Jer-Ren, "Effects of Sc2O3 and MgO additions on the dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based X8R materials," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 768, pp. 122-129, Nov. 5, 2018.

[2817] Li, Jiao, Songping, Wu, Xiaohong, Ding, and Jing, Ni, "ZnTiO3-based ceramics sintered at low temperature with boron addition for multilayer ceramic capacitor applications," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 20 no. 12, pp. 1186-1192, Dec. 2009.

[2818] Li, Jie, Sun, Ying, Li, Dan, Yang, Hong, Zhang, Xueqin, and Lin, Baoping, "Novel ternary composites reduced-graphene oxide/zine oxide/poly(p-phenylenediamine) for supercapacitor: Synthesis and properties," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 708, pp. 787-795, June 25, 2017.

[2819] Li, Jing, Li, Jie, Lai, Yan-qing, Song, Hai-sheng, Zhang, Zhi-an, and Liu, Ye-xiang, "Influence of KOH activation techniques on pore structure and electrochemical property of carbon electrode materials," Journal of Central South University of Technology, vol. 13 no. 4, pp. 360-366, Aug. 2006.

[2820] Li, Jing, Tang, Jie, Yuan, Jinshi, Zhang, Kun, Shao, Qingguo, Sun, Yige, and Qin, Lu-Chang, "Interactions between Graphene and Ionic Liquid Electrolyte in Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 197, pp. 84-91, Apr. 10, 2016.

[2821] Li, Jing, Long, Huang-Ke, qing, Lai-Yan, and dong, Zhao-xiao, "The influence of structure control techniques on the electrochemical performance of PANI electrode materials," Advanced Materials Research , vol. 236-238, pp. 653-659, 2011.

[2822] Li, Jinjin, Yu, Yanan, Bao, Shu-Juan, and Sun, Qiang-qiang, "Experimental investigation of the important influence of pretreatment process of thermally exfoliated graphene on their microstructure and supercapacitor performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 180, pp. 187-195, Oct. 20, 2015.

[2823] Li, Jun, Wan, Lixi, Gao, Wei, and Liao, Cheng, "Improvement of Power Integrity with novel Segmented Power Bus Structures in RF/digital SOP," International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology & High Density Packaging, Shanghai, China, July 28-31, 2008, pp. xx-xx.

[2824] Li, Jun, Wang, Xianyou, Wang, Ying, Huang, Qinghua, Dai, Chunling, Gamboa, Sergio, and Sebastian, P. J., "Structure and electrochemical properties of carbon aerogels synthesized at ambient temperatures as supercapacitors," Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, vol. 354 no. 1, pp. 19-24, Jan. 1, 2008.

[2825] Li, Kai-Bing, Shi, Da-Wei, Cai, Zhi-Yong, Zhang, Guo-Liang, Huang, Qiu-An, Liu, Di, and Yang, Chang-Ping, "Studies on the equivalent serial resistance of carbon supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 174, pp. 596-600, Aug. 20, 2015.

[2826] Li, Kang-Rong, See, Kye-Yak, and Soh, Wei-Shan, "Study of Impact of Equivalent Series Inductance on High-Speed Board Emissions," 2012 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility , Singapore, May 21-24, 2012, pp. 497-500.

[2827] Li, Kuan-Wei, Wu, Kai-Bin, and Wu, Ruey-Beei, "Optimal Decoupling Capacitors Design for Suppressing Edge Radiation of Power/Ground Planes," 2011 IEEE 20th Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems, San Jose, CA, Oct. 23-26, 2011, pp. 283-286.

[2828] Li, Lei, Gao, Peng, Gai, Shili, He, Fei, Chen, Yujin, Zhang, Milin, and Yang, Piaoping, "Ultra small and highly dispersed Fe3O4 nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene for supercapacitor application," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 190, pp. 566-573, Feb. 1, 2016.

[2829] Li, Leilei, Liu, Yu, Cui, Bin, Niu, Ruiyuan, Zhang, Qing, and Chang, Zhuguo, "Enhancement of dielectric properties by addition of Li-Ti-Si-O nanocomposite to X7R ceramics," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 550, pp. 216-220, Feb. 15, 2013.

[2830] Li, Li, Takahashi, Akio, Hao, Jianjun Hao, Kikuchi, Ryohei, Hayakawa, Teruaki, Tsurumi, Taka-Aki, and Kakimoto, Masa-Aki, "Novel Polymer-Ceramic Nanocomposite Based on New Concepts for Embedded Capacitor Application (I)," IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies, vol. 28 no. 4, pp. 754-759, Dec. 2005.

[2831] Li, Li, Qiu, Jingjing, and Wang, Shiren, "Three-dimensional ordered nanostructures for supercapacitor electrode," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 99, pp. 278-284, June 1, 2013.

[2832] Li, Limin, Liu, Enhui, Shen, Haijie, Yang, Yanjing, Huang, Zhengzheng, Xiang, Xiaoxia, and Tian, Yingying, "Charge storage performance of doped carbons prepared from polyaniline for supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 15 no. 1, pp. 175-182, Jan. 2011.

[2833] Li, Lingchuan, and Lafdi, Khalid, "Composite films prepared by immersion deposition of manganese oxide in carbon nanotubes grown on graphite for supercapacitors," Journal of Materials Science, vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[2834] Li, Ling-xia, Han, Ye-mei, Zhang, Ping, Ming, Cui, and Wei, Xue, "Synthesis and characterization of BaTiO3-based X9R ceramics," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 44 no. 20, pp. 5563-5568, Oct. 2009.

[2835] Li, Lingxia, Yu, Jingyang, Zhang, Ning, and Ye, Jing, "Synthesis and characterization of X8R BaTiO3-based dielectric ceramics by doping with NiNb2O6 nanopowders," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 26 no. 12, pp. 9522-9528, Dec. 2015.

[2836] Li, Lixia, Song, Huaihe, and Chen, Xiaohong, "Pore characteristics and electrochemical performance of ordered mesoporous carbons for electric double-layer capacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 51 no. 26, pp. 5715-5720, Aug. 15, 2006.

[2837] Li, Longtu, Chen, Renzheng, Wang, Xiaohui, and Gui, Zhilun, "Study on Structure and Properties of X7R Ceramics based on BaTiO 3 with High Dielectric Constants," Proceedings of the 2000 12th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics, Volume 2, Honolulu, HI, July 21-Aug. 2, 2000, pp. 825-828.

[2838] Li, M., Cheng, J. P., Fang, J. H., Yang, Y., Liu, F., and Zhang, X. B., "NiAl-layered Double Hydroxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite: Microwave-assisted Synthesis and Supercapacitive Properties," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 134, pp. 309-318, July 10, 2014.

[2839] Li, M., Cheng, J. P., Wang, J., Liu, F., and Zhang, X. B., "The growth of nickel-manganese and cobalt-manganese layered double hydroxides on reduced graphene oxide for supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 206, pp. 108-115, July 10, 2016.

[2840] Li, Mai, Xu, Shaohui, Cherry, Christopher, Zhu, Yiping, Huang, Rong, Qi, Ruijuan, Yang, Pingxiong, Wang, Lianwei, and Chu, Paul K., "Asymmetrical Supercapacitor Composed of Thin Co(OH)2 Nanoflakes on Three-Dimensional Ni/Si Microchannel Plates with Superior Electrochemical Performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 149, pp. 18-27, Dec. 10, 2014.

[2841] Li, Mei, Zhang, Yunqiang, Yang, Lanlan, Liu, Yingkai, and Ma, Jingyun, "Excellent electrochemical performance of homogeneous polypyrrole/graphene composites as electrode material for supercapacitors," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 26 no. 1, pp. 485-492, Jan. 2015.

[2842] Li, Mei, Zhang, Yunqiang, Yang, Lanlan, Liu, Yingkai, and Yao, Jinshui, "Hollow melamine resin-based carbon spheres/graphene composite with excellent performance for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 166, pp. 310-319, June 1, 2015.

[2843] Li, Mei, Han, Xianlong, Chang, Xiaoqing, Yin, Wenchao, and Ma, Jingyu, "Nitrogen/Sulfur-Codoped Carbon Materials from Chitosan for Supercapacitors," Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 45 no. 8, pp. 4331-4337, Aug. 2016.

[2844] Li, Mengpei, Chen, Qidi, and Zhan, Hongbing, "Ultrathin manganese dioxide nanosheets grown on partially unzipped nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 702, pp. 236-243, Apr. 25, 2017.

[2845] Li, Min, Liu, Fu, Cheng, J. P., Ying, J., and Zhang, X. B., "Enhanced performance of nickel-aluminum layered double hydroxide nanosheets/carbon nanotubes composite for supercapacitor and asymmetric capacitor," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 635, pp. 225-232, June 25, 2015.

[2846] Li, Min, Cheng, J. P., Liu, F., and Zhang, X. B., "In situ growth of nickel-cobalt oxyhydroxide/oxide on carbon nanotubes for high performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 178, pp. 439-446, Oct. 1, 2015.

[2847] Li, Na, Zhu, Xiaohong, Zhang, Caiyun, Lai, Liuqin, Jiang, Rong, and Zhu, Jiliang, "Controllable synthesis of different microstructured MnO2 by a facile hydrothermal method for supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 692, pp. 26-33, Jan. 25, 2017.

[2848] Li, Na, Huang, Xuankai, Li, Ruijian, Chen, Yiming, Li, Yunyong, Shi, Zhicong, and Zhang, Haiyan, "Pseudocapacitive Transparent/Flexible Supercapacitor based on Graphene wrapped Ni(OH)2 Nanosheet Transparent Film Produced using Scalable Bio-inspired Methods," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 219, pp. 61-69, Nov. 20, 2016.

[2849] Li, Qi, Han, Kuo, Gadinski, Matthew Robert, Zhang, Guangzu, and Wang, Qing, "High Energy and Power Density Capacitors from Solution-Processed Ternary Ferroelectric Polymer Nanocomposites," Advanced Materials, vol. 26 no. 36, pp. 6244-6249, Sept. 24, 2014.

[2850] Li, Qi, Li, Yanhong, Peng, Huarong, Cui, Xun, Zhou, Ming, Feng, Keyuan, and Xiao, Peng, "Layered NH4CoxNi1-xPO4.H2O (0 <= x <= 1) nanostructures finely tuned by Co/Ni molar ratios for asymmetric supercapacitor electrodes," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 51 no. 22, pp. 9946-9957, Nov. 2016.

[2851] Li, Qun, He, Jijia, Liu, Dequan, Yue, Hongwei, Bai, Shuai, Liu, Boli, Gu, Lili, and He, Deyan, "Facile preparation of hovenia-acerba-like hierarchical MnO2/C composites and their excellent energy storage performance for supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 693, pp. 970-978, Feb. 5, 2017.

[2852] Li, Qun, Xie, Wenhe, Liu, Dequan, Wang, Qi, and He, Deyan, "Nitrogen and oxygen co-doped carbon nanofibers with rich sub-nanoscale pores as self-supported electrode material of high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 222, Dec. 20, 2016, pp. 1445-1454.

[2853] Li, R., Liu, X. J., Wang, H., Zhou, D. Q., Wu, Y., and Lu, Z. P., "Formation mechanism and characterization of nanoporous silver with tunable porosity and promising capacitive performance by chemical dealloying of glassy precursor," Acta Materialia, vol. 105, pp. 367-377, Feb. 15, 2016.

[2854] Li, Rui, Liu, Xiongjun, Wang, Hui, Wu, Yuan, and Lu, Z. P., "Development of electrochemical supercapacitors with uniform nanoporous silver network," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 182, pp. 224-229, Nov. 10, 2015.

[2855] Li, Ruizhi, and Liu, Jinping, "Mechanistic investigation of the charge storage process of pseudocapacitive Fe3O4 nanorod film," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 120, pp. 52-56, Feb. 20, 2014.

[2856] Li, Siwei, Wang, Xiaohong, Xing, Hexin, and Shen, Caiwei, "Micro supercapacitors based on a 3D structure with symmetric graphene or activated carbon electrodes," Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 23 no. 11, pp. 114013-1-114013-10, Nov. 2013.

[2857] Li, Tao, Yang, Kun, Xue, Renzhong, Xue, Yuncai, and Chen, Zhenping, "The effect of CuO doping on the microstructures and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[2858] Li, Wei, Xu, Zhijun, Chu, Ruiqing, Fu, Peng, and Hao, Jigong, "Structure and electrical properties of BaTiO3 prepared by sol-gel process," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 482 no. 1-2, pp. 137-140, Aug. 12, 2009.

[2859] Li, Weikun, and Yang, Yu Jun, "The reduction of graphene oxide by elemental copper and its application in the fabrication of graphene supercapacitor," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 18 no. 6, pp. 1621-1626, June 2014.

[2860] Li, Wenyao, He, Guanjie, Shao, Jiajia, Liu, Qian, Xu, Kaibing, Hu, Junqing, and Parkin, Ivan P., "Urchin-like MnO2 capped ZnO nanorods as high-rate and high-stability pseudocapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 186, pp. 1-6, Dec. 20, 2015.

[2861] Li, Wenyao, Shao, Jiajia, Liu, Qian, Liu, Xijian, Zhou, Xiying, and Hu, Junqing, "Facile synthesis of porous Mn2O3 nanocubics for high-rate supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 157, pp. 108-114, Mar. 1, 2015.

[2862] Li, Xianfu, Shen, Jianfeng, Li, Na, and Ye, Mingxin, "Template-free solvothermal synthesis of NiS2 microspheres on graphene sheets for high-performance supercapacitors," Materials Letters, vol. 139, pp. 81-85, Jan. 15, 2015.

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[2953] Liu, Bo, Deng, Huiren, Ai, Jiuhong, and Deng, Jiancheng, "Preparation and electrochemical characteristics of activated carbon micro-spheres for electric double layer capacitor," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 239-242, pp. 94-97, 2011.

[2954] Liu, Can, Li, Zhengcao, and Zhang, Zhengjun, "Molybdenum oxide film with stable pseudocapacitive property for aqueous micro-scale electrochemical capacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 134, pp. 84-91, July 10, 2014.

[2955] Liu, Chi-Chie, Tsai, Dah-Shyang, Susanti, Diah, Yeh, Wen-Chang, Huang, Ying-Sheng, and Liu, Feng-Jiin, "Planar ultracapacitors of miniature interdigital electrode loaded with hydrous, RuO2 and, RuO2 nanorods," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 55 no. 20, pp. 5768-5774, Aug. 1, 2010.

[2956] Liu, Chunliang, Gui, Dayong, and Liu, Jianhong, "Preparation of MnO2/Graphene Nanocomposite for the Application of Supercapacitor," 2014 15th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Chengdu, China, Aug. 12-15, 2014, pp. 177-182.

[2957] Liu, Chuntian, Mao, Junfa, and Tang, Min, "A New Power-Ground Plane Modeling Method With Rectangle and Triangle Segmentation," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 33 no. 3, pp. 639-646, Aug. 2010.

[2958] Liu, Cuixian, Han, Gaoyi, Chang, Yunzhen, Xiao, Yaoming, Li, Miaoyu, and Zhou, Wen, "Monolithic porous carbon derived from polyvinyl alcohol for electrochemical double layer capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 188, pp. 175-183, Jan. 10, 2016.

[2959] Liu, Dan, Fu, Chaopeng, Zhang, Ningshuang, Zhou, Haihui, and Kuang, Yafei, "Three-Dimensional Porous Nitrogen doped Graphene Hydrogel for High Energy Density supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 213, pp. 291-297, Sept. 20, 2016.

[2960] Liu, David (Donhang), "A Reliability Model for Ni-BaTiO3-Based (BME) Ceramic Capacitors," NASA, July 23, 2014.

[2961] Liu, David, Leidecker, Henning W., Perry, Thomas J., and Felt, Frederick S., "Accelerating Factors in Life Testing of High-Voltage Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitors," Proceedings of the 25th Symposium for Passive Components, Palm Springs, CA, Mar. 21-24, 2005, pp. 151-156.

[2962] Liu, David (Donhang), "Failure Modes in Capacitors When Tested Under a Time-Varying Stress," CARTS USA 2011 Proceedings, Jacksonville, FL, Mar. 28-31, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[2963] Liu, David (Donhang), "Highly Accelerated Life Stress Testing (HALST) of Base-Metal Electrode Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," CARTS International 2013, Houston, TX, Mar. 25-29, 2013, pp. xx-xx.

[2963d] Liu, David (Donhang), "How to Characterize the Reliability of Ceramic Capacitors with Base-Metal Electrodes (BMEs)," 2015 Components for Military and Space Electronics Conference and Exhibition, Los Angeles, CA, Mar. 1-3, 2015, pp. xx-xx.

[2964] Liu, David (Donhang), Fetter, Lou, and Meinhold, Bruce, "Ni-BaTiO3-Based Base-Metal Electrode (BME) Ceramic Capacitors for Space Applications," 2015 Components for Military and Space Electronics Conference and Exhibition, Los Angeles, CA, Mar. 1-3, 2015, pp. xx-xx.

[2965] Liu, David (Donhang), "Part II: Evaluation of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors with C0G Dielectric and Base-Metal Electrodes," NASA, 2012.

[2966] Liu, David, and Sampson, Michael J., "Physical and Electrical Characterization of Aluminum Polymer Capacitors," CARTS USA 2010 Proceedings, New Orleans, LA, Mar. 15-18, 2010. pp. xx-xx.

[2967] Liu, David (Donhang), "Reliability and Other Space-Related Characterizations of Polymer Aluminum Capacitors," CARTS International 2012, Las Vegas, NV, Mar. 26-27, 2012, pp. xx-xx.

[2967d] Liu, David (Donghang), "Reliability Evaluation of Base-Metal-Electrode (BME) Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors for Space Applications," Capacitors and Resistors Technology Symposium, Jacksonville, FL, Mar. 28-31, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[2968] Liu, David (Donhang), and Sampson, Michael J., "Reliability Evaluation of Base-Metal-Electrode Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors for Potential Space Applications," CARTS USA 2011 Proceedings , Jacksonville, FL, Mar. 28-31, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[2969] Liu, David (Donhang), "Reliability Evaluations of BME Capacitors for Space Applications," NASA.

[2970] Liu, David (Donhang), "Reliability Modeling Development and Its Applications for Ceramic Capacitors with Base-Metal Electrodes (BMEs)," NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging Electronics Technology Workshop, Greenbelt, MD, June 17-19, 2014, pp. xx-xx.

[2971] Liu, David (Donhang), "Reliability of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors with Base-Metal Electrodes," EEE Parts Bulletin, vol. 5 no. 2, pp. 1-10, Apr.-May 2013.

[2972] Liu, David (Donhang), "Selection, Qualification, Inspection, and Derating of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors with Base-Metal Electrodes," NASA, 2013.

[2973] Liu, David (Donhang), and Sampson, Michael J., "Some Aspects of the Failure Mechanisms in BaTiO3-Based Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," CARTS International 2012, Las Vegas, NV, Mar. 26-27, 2012, pp. xx-xx.

[2974] Liu, Dong, Shen, Jun, Liu, Nianping, Yang, Huiyu, and Du, Ai, "Preparation of activated carbon aerogels with hierarchically porous structures for electrical double layer capacitors," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 89, pp. 571-576, Feb. 1, 2013.

[2975] Liu, Donhang (David), "A General Reliability Model for Ni-BaTiO3-Based Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," CARTS International 2014, Santa Clara, CA, Mar. 31-Apr. 3, 2014, pp. xx-xx.

[2975d] Liu, Donhang (David), "Evaluation of Commercial Automotive-Grade BME Capacitors," Capacitors and Resistors Technology Symposium 2014, Santa Clara, CA, Apr. 1-3, 2014, pp. 189-202.

[2976] Liu, Donhang, "Insulation Resistance Degradation in Ni-BaTiO3 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 5 no. 1, pp. 40-48, Jan. 2015.

[2977] Liu, En-Xiao, Wei, Xingchang, Oo, Zaw Zaw, and Li, Er-Ping, "An Efficient Method for Power integrity and EMI Analysis of Irregular-Shaped Power/Ground Planes in Packages," 2007 IEEE Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Atlanta, GA, Oct. 29-31, 2007, pp. 263-266.

[2978] Liu, En-Xiao, Wei, Xingchang, Oo, Zaw Zaw, and Li, Er-Ping, "An Efficient Method for Power Integrity and EMI Analysis of Advanced Packages," 2008 Proceedings 58th Electronic Components &, Technology Conference, Lake Buena Vista, FL, May 27-30, 2008, pp. 652-657.

[2979] Liu, Enxiao, Oo, Zaw Zaw, and Li, ErPing, "Analysis of Rectangular Power-Ground Plane Pairs for Noise Suppression," 1st Electronics Systemintegration Technology Conference, Volume 1 , Dresden, Germany, Sept. 5-7, 2006, pp. 241-246.

[2980] Liu, En-Xiao, and Li, Er-Ping, "Electrical Performance of Vertical Natural Capacitor for RF System-on-Chip in 32-nm Technology," 2011 IEEE 20th Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems, San Jose, CA, Oct. 23-26, 2011, pp. 35-38.

[2981] Liu, En-Xiao, Wei, Xingchang, OO, Zaw Zaw, Zhang, Yao-Jiang, Zhang, Wenzu, and Li, Er-Ping, "Method for System-Level Signal and Power Integrity Modeling of High-Speed Electronic Packages," 11th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference , Singapore, Dec. 9-11, 2009, pp. 96-101.

[2982] Liu, Feifei, Wang, Suwen, Han, Gaoyi, Liu, Ruiqin, Chang, Yunzhen, and Xiao, Yaoming, "Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Polypyrrole/Graphene/Nonwoven Fabric Composites Used as Electrodes of Electrochemical Capacitor," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 131 no. 21, pp. 41023-1-41023-10, Nov. 5, 2014.

[2983] Liu, Gang, Zhang, Leiyang, Wu, Qiankun, Wang, Ziyang, Li, Yang, Li, Dequan, Liu, Hongbo, and Yan, Yan, "Enhanced energy storage properties in MgO-doped BaTiO3 lead-free ferroelectric ceramics," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 29 no. 21, pp. 18859-18867, Nov. 2018.

[2984] Liu, H. D., Zhang, J. L., Xu, D. D., Huang, L. H., Tan, S. Z., and Mai, W. J., "Easy one-step hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide/iron oxide hybrid as efficient supercapacitor material," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 19 no. 1, pp. 135-144, Jan. 2015.

[2985] Liu, Haiyan, Zhang, Wei, Song, Huaihe, Chen, Xiaohong, Zhou, Jisheng, and Ma, Zhaokun, "Tremella-like graphene/polyaniline spherical electrode material for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 146, pp. 511-517, Nov. 10, 2014.

[2986] Liu, Hongchang, Luo, Suibin, Yu, Shuhui, Ding, Shanjun, Sun, Rong, and Wong, Ching-Ping, "Enhanced Dielectric Property and Energy Density of Polydopamine Encapsuled BaTiO3 Nanofibers/PVDF Nanocomposites," 2016 17th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Wuhan, China, Aug. 16-19, 2016, pp. 492-498.

[2987] Liu, Hongchang, Luo, Suibin, Yu, Shuhui, Ding, Shanjun, Shen, Yanbin, Sun, Rong, and Wong, Ching-Ping, "Flexible BaTiO3nf-Ag/PVDF Nanocomposite Films with High Dielectric Constant and Energy Density," IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 24 no. 2, pp. 757-763, Apr. 2017.

[2988] Liu, Hongtao, He, Ping, Li, Zhiying, Liu, Yang, and Li, Jinghong, "A novel nickel-based mixed rare-earth oxide/activated carbon supercapacitor using room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 51 no. 10, pp. 1925-1931, Feb. 1, 2006.

[2989] Liu, Huajun, Ho, Kuan Hung, Hu, Yating, Ke, Qingqing, Mao, Lu, Zhang, Yu, and Wang, John, "Doping cobalt hydroxide nanowires for better supercapacitor performance," Acta Materialia, vol. 84, pp. 20-28, Feb. 1, 2015.

[2990] Liu, Huidi, Zhang, Jinglin, Zhang, Bin, Shi, Lei, Tan, Shaozao, and Huang, Langhuan, "Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-Ni(OH)2-built 3D flower composite with easy hydrothermal process and excellent electrochemical performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 138, pp. 69-78, Aug. 20, 2014.

[2991] Liu, Jia, Wang, Xianyou, Gao, Jiao, Zhang, Youwei, Lu, Qun, and Liu, Min, "Hollow porous carbon spheres with hierarchical nanoarchitecture for application of the high performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 211, pp. 183-192, Sept. 1, 2016.

[2992] Liu, Jianwei, Essner, Jeremy, and Li, Jun, "Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on Coaxially Coated Manganese Oxide on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofiber Arrays," Chemistry of Materials, vol. 22 no. 12, pp. 5022-5030, June 22, 2010.

[2993] Liu, Jianyun, Lu, Miao, Yang, Jianmao, Cheng, Jian, and Cai, Wenshu, "Capacitive desalination of ZnO/activated carbon asymmetric capacitor and mechanism analysis," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 151, pp. 312-318, Jan. 1, 2015.

[2994] Liu, Jing-Liang, Fan, Li-Zhen, and Qu, Xuanhui, "Low temperature hydrothermal synthesis of nano-sized manganese oxide for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 66, pp. 302-305, Apr. 1, 2012.

[2995] Liu, Jingliang, Zhou, Mengqi, Fan, Li-Zhen, Li, Ping, and Qu, Xuanhui, "Porous polyaniline exhibits highly enhanced electrochemical capacitance performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 55 no. 20, pp. 5819-5822, Aug. 1, 2010.

[2996] Liu, Jingling, Shakir, Imran, and Kang, Dae Joon, "Lithium niobate nanoflakes as electrodes for highly stable electrochemical supercapacitor devices," Materials Letters, vol. 119, pp. 84-87, Mar. 15, 2014.

[2997] Liu, Jinlong, Zhang, Yaqian, Li, Yaping, Li, Jun, Chen, Zehua, Feng, Haibo, Li, Junhua, Jiang, Jianbo, and Qian, Dong, "In situ chemical synthesis of sandwich-structured MnO2/graphene nanoflowers and their supercapacitive behavior," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 173, pp. 148-155, Aug. 10, 2015.

[2998] Liu, Jiun-Shing, Hu, Yi, Chuang, Tao-Liang, and Huang, Chien-Lung, "Mn(OH)2/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite thin films prepared by spray coating for flexible supercapacitive devices," Thin Solid Films, vol. 544, pp. 186-190, Oct. 1, 2013.

[2999] Liu, L. Z., Gao, X. H., Weng, L., Shi, H., and Wang, C., "Preparation of High-Dielectric-Constant Ag@Alz03/Polyimide Composite Films for Embedded Capacitor Applications," 2012 IEEE 10th International Conference on the Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, Bangalore, India, July 24-28, 2012, pp. xx-xx.

[3000] Liu, Lan, Wang, Wei, Zou, Wu-yuan, He, Ben-lin, Sun, Ming-liang, Wang, Min, and Xu, Xue-fei, "Preparation and electrochemical properties of nanofiber poly(2,5-dihydroxyaniline)/activated carbon composite electrode for supercapacitor," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 14 no. 12, pp. 2219-2224, Dec. 2010.

[3001] Liu, Lili, Niu, Zhiqiang, Zhang, Li, Zhou, Weiya, Chen, Xiaodong, and Xie, Sishen, "Nanostructured Graphene Composite Papers for Highly Flexible and Foldable Supercapacitors," Advanced Materials, vol. 26 no. 28, pp. 4855-4862, July 23, 2014.

[3002] Liu, Ling, Zhao, Yaomin, Zhou, Qin, Xu, Hong, Zhao, Chongjun, and Jiang, Zhiyu, "Nano-polypyrrole supercapacitor arrays prepared by layer-by-layer assembling method in anodic aluminum oxide templates," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 11 no. 1, pp. 32-37, Jan. 2007.

[3003] Liu, Mao-Cheng, Li, Jia-Jia, Hu, Yu-Xia, Yang, Qing-Qing, and Kang, Long, "Design and Fabrication of Ni3P2O8-Co3P2O8.8H2O as Advanced Positive Electrodes for Asymmetric Supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 201, pp. 142-150, May 20, 2016.

[3004] Liu, Mao-Cheng, Kong, Ling-Bin, Zhang, Peng, Luo, Yong-Chun, and Kang, Long, "Porous wood carbon monolith for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 60, pp. 443-448, Jan. 15, 2012.

[3005] Liu, Mengyang, Yang, Tao, Chen, Junhong, Su, Lei, Chou, Kuo-Chih, and Hou, Xinmei, "TiN @NiCo2O4 coaxial nanowires as supercapacitor electrode materials with improved electrochemical and wide-temperature performance," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 692, pp. 605-613, Jan. 25, 2017.

[3006] Liu, Miaomiao, Chang, Jie, Sun, Jing, and Gao, Lian, "Synthesis of porous NiO using NaBH4 dissolved in ethylene glycol as precipitant for high-performance supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta , vol. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[3007] Liu, Ming-Yang, Hsieh, Tung-Feng, Hsieh, Chia-Jung, Chuang, Chia-Chih, and Shu, Chi-Min, "Performance of vanadium oxide on multi-walled carbon nanotubes/titanium electrode for supercapacitor application," Advanced Materials Research , vol. 311-313, pp. 414-418, 2011.

[3008] Liu, Nishuang, Ma, Wenzhen, Tao, Jiayou, Zhang, Xianghui, Su, Jun, Li, Luying, Yang, Congxing, Gao, Yihua, Golberg, Dmitri, and Bando, Yoshio, "Cable-Type Supercapacitors of Three-Dimensional Cotton Thread Based Multi-Grade Nanostructures for Wearable Energy Storage," Advanced Materials, vol. 25 no. 35, pp. 4925-4931, Sept. 20, 2013.

[3009] Liu, Peipei, Hu, Zhonghua, Liu, Yafei, Yao, Mingming, and Zhang, Qiang, "Three-dimensional hierarchical porous flower-like nickel-cobalt oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite for high-capacity supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 622, pp. 805-811, Feb. 15, 2015.

[3010] Liu, Ping, Chen, Hongyan, Chang, Xing, Xue, Yuan, Zhou, Jiawei, Zhao, Zhicheng, Lin, Hualin, and Han, Sheng, "Novel method of preparing CoFe2O4/graphene by using steel rolling sludge for supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 231, pp. 565-574, Mar. 20, 2017.

[3011] Liu, Sainan, Wu, Jun, Zhou, Jiang, Fang, Guozhao, and Liang, Shuquan, "Mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanoneedles grown on three dimensional graphene networks as binder-free electrode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 176, pp. 1-9, Sept. 10, 2015.

[3012] Liu, Shengqi, Liu, Suqin, Huang, Kelong, Liu, Jiansheng, Li, Yongkun, Fang, Dong, Wang, Hongmei, and Xia, Yufei, "A novel Et4NBF4 and LiPF6 blend salts electrolyte for supercapacitor battery," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 16 no. 4, pp. 1631-1634, Apr. 2012.

[3013] Liu, Shuang, Liu, Yuwen, Song, Wei, Song, Jianjun, Wang, Caixia, Shao, Guangjie, and Qin, Xiujuan, "Flocky MnO2/carbon nanotube composites electrodeposited under supergravity field for supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry , vol. 19 no. 5, pp. 1321-1329, May 2015.

[3014] Liu, Shude, Hui, K. S., Hui, K. N., Jadhav, Vijaykumar V., Xia, Qi Xun, Yun, Je Moon, Cho, Y. R., Mane, Rajaram S., and Kim, Kwang Ho, "Facile Synthesis of Microsphere Copper Cobalt Carbonate Hydroxides Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 188, pp. 898-908, Jan. 10, 2016.

[3015] Liu, Sihan, Ma, Limin, Shu, Yutian, Zuo, Yong, and Guo, Fu, "Effects of POSS-Silanol Addition on the Whisker Formation in Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu Pb-Free Solder," 2013 14th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology, Dalian, China, Aug. 11-14, 2013, pp. 765-768.

[3016] Liu, Tiantian, Liu, Enhui, Ding, Rui, Luo, Zhenyu, Hu, Tiantian, and Li, Zengpeng, "Preparation and supercapacitive performance of clew-like porous nanocarbons derived from sucrose by catalytic graphitization," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 173, pp. 50-58, Aug. 10, 2015.

[3017] Liu, Ting, Chai, Hui, Jia, Dianzeng, Su, Ying, Wang, Tao, and Zhou, Wanyong, "Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis of mesoporous NiMoO4 nanorod/reduced graphene oxide composites for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 180, pp. 998-1006, Oct. 20, 2015.

[3018] Liu, Tingting, Shao, Guangjie, and Ji, Mingtong, "Electrodeposition of Ni(OH)2/Ni/graphene composites under supergravity field for supercapacitor application," Materials Letters, vol. 122, pp. 273-276, May 1, 2014.

[3019] Liu, Tongchang, Pell, W. G., and Conway, B. E., "Self-discharge and potential recovery phenomena at thermally and electrochemically prepared RuO2 supercapacitor electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 42 no. 23-24, pp. 3541-3552, 1997.

[3020] Liu, Wei, Ju, Chang, Jiang, Ding, Xu, Li, Mao, Hanping, and Wang, Kun, "Ionic liquid-assisted grown of beta-nickel hydroxide nanowires on reduced graphene oxide for high-performance supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 143, pp. 135-142, Oct. 10, 2014.

[3021] Liu, Wen-Jay, Kao, Tsu-Wen, Dai, Yong-Ming, and Jehng, Jih-Mirn, "Ni-based nanocomposites supported on graphene nano sheet (GNS) for supercapacitor applications," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry , vol. 18 no. 1, pp. 189-196, Jan. 2014.

[3022] Liu, Wenwen, Yan, Xingbin, Lang, Junwei, Chen, Jiangtao, and Xue, Qunji, "Influences of the thickness of self-assembled graphene multilayer films on the supercapacitive performance," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 60, pp. 41-49, Jan. 15, 2012.

[3023] Liu, Xia, Chen, Si, Pu, Juan, and Wang, Xiaohong, "A Flexible All-Solid-State Micro Supercapacitor and Its Application in Electrostatic Energy Management System," Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, vol. 25 no. 5, pp. 929-936, Oct. 2016.

[3024] Liu, Xian-Ming, Zhang, Yi-He, Zhang, Xiao-Gang, and Fu, Shao-Yun, "Studies on Me/Al-layered double hydroxides (Me = Ni and Co) as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 49 no. 19, pp. 3137-3141, Aug. 15, 2004.

[3025] Liu, Xiao, Zhang, Ning, Ni, Jiangfeng, and Gao, Lijun, "Improved electrochemical performance of sol-gel method prepared Na4Mn9O18 in aqueous hybrid Na-ion supercapacitor," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 17 no. 7, pp. 1939-1944, July 2013.

[3026] Liu, Xiaohong, Qu, Baohan, Zhu, Fenghua, Gong, Liangyu, Su, Linghao, and Zhu, Lianqin, "Sonochemical synthesis of b-Co(OH)2 hexagonal nanoplates and their electrochemical capacitive behaviors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds , vol. 560, pp. 15-19, May 25, 2013.

[3027] Liu, Xiaorong, and Pickup, Peter G., "Ru oxide/carbon fabric composites for supercapacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 14 no. 2, pp. 231-240, Feb. 2010.

[3028] Liu, Xiaorong, Huber, Trisha A., Kopac, Michael C., and Pickup, Peter G., "Ru oxide/carbon nanotube composites for supercapacitors prepared by spontaneous reduction of Ru(VI) and Ru(VII)," Electrochimica Act a, vol. 54 no. 27, pp. 7141-7147, Nov. 30, 2009.

[3029] Liu, Xiaozhi, Zhang, Ke, Yang, Baolin, Song, Wenlei, Liu, Qian, Jia, Fei, Qin, Shiyi, Chen, Wanjun, Zhang, Zhenxing, and Li, Jian, "Three-dimensional graphene skeletons supported nickel molybdate nanowire composite as novel ultralight electrode for supercapacitors," Materials Letters, vol. 164, pp. 401-404, Feb. 1, 2016.

[3030] Liu, Ximiao, Wang, Yanli, Zhan, Liang, Qiao, Wenming, Liang, Xiaoyi, and Ling, Licheng, "Effect of oxygen-containing functional groups on the impedance behavior of activated carbon-based electric double-layer capacitors," Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, vol. 15 no. 2, pp. 413-419, Feb. 2011.

[3031] Liu, Xin, Lei, Yuqiu, and Cheng, Yonghong, "Total-Dose Radiation Response and and Post-Irradiation Annealing Response of Hafnium Capacitors," 2016 Joint IEEE International Symposium on the Applications of Ferroelectrics, European Conference on Application of Polar Dielectrics, and Piezoelectric Force Microscopy Workshop, Darmstadt, Germany, Aug. 21-25, 2016, pp. xx-xx.

[3032] Liu, Xinhua, Wu, Dongbei, Wang, Huanlei, and Wang, Qigang, "Self-Recovering Tough Gel Electrolyte with Adjustable Supercapacitor Performance," Advanced Materials, vol. xx no. xx, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[3033] Liu, Xu, Chen, Gang, Guan, Hongtao, Dong, Chengjun, Xiao, Xuechun, and Wang, Yude, "Binder-free NiO@MnO2 core-shell electrode: Rod-like NiO core prepared through corrosion by oxalic acid and enhanced pseudocapacitance with sphere-like MnO2 shell," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 189, pp. 83-92, Jan. 20, 2016.

[3034] Liu, Y. F., Yuan, G. H., Jiang, Z. H., Yao, Z. P., and Yue, M., "Preparation of Ni(OH)2-graphene sheet-carbon nanotube composite as electrode material for supercapacitors," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 618, pp. 37-43, Jan. 5, 2015.

[3035] Liu, Yan, Zhang, Yao, Ma, Guoheng, Wang, Zan, Liu, Kaiyu, and Liu, Hongtao, "Ethylene glycol reduced graphene oxide/polypyrrole composite for supercapacitor," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 88, pp. 519-525, Jan. 15, 2013.

[3036] Liu, Yan-Zhen, Li, Yong-Feng, Yang, Yong-Gang, Wen, Yue-Fang, and Wang, Mao-Zhang, "A one-pot method for producing ZnO-graphene nanocomposites from graphene oxide for supercapacitors," Scripta Materialia, vol. 68 no. 5, pp. 301-304, Mar. 2013.

[3037] Liu, Yang, Yuan, Yu-Zhang, Chen, Kong-Qian, and Chen, Wei-Wei, "Decoupling capacitors selection algorithm based on maximum anti-resonance points and quality factor of capacitor," Electronics Letters, vol. 51 no. 1, pp. 90-92, Jan. 8, 2015.

[3038] Liu, Yang, Wang, Wenchao, Huang, Jiquan, Zhu, Chen, Wang, Chong, and Cao, Yongge, "High dielectric permittivity of Li and Sc co-doped NiO ceramics," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[3039] Liu, Yanyun, Zhang, Junjun, Shang, Yu, Liu, Yong, and Zhang, Dong, "Controllable growth of graphene dendrite and application to electrochemical capacitors," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , vol. xx no. x, pp. xx-xx, xxxx.

[3040] Liu, Yaping, Gao, Tingting, Xiao, Hong, Guo, Wenjun, Sun, Bin, Pei, Meishan, and Zhou, Guowei, "One-pot synthesis of rice-like TiO2/graphene hydrogels as advanced electrodes for supercapacitors and the resulting aerogels as high-efficiency dye adsorbents," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 229, pp. 239-252, Mar. 1, 2017.

[3041] Liu, Ye-xiang, Li, Jing, Lai, Yan-qing, Song, Hai-sheng, and Zhang, Zhi-an, "Preparation and properties of pitch carbon based supercapacitor," Journal of Central South University of Technology, vol. 14 no. 5, pp. 601-606, Oct. 2007.

[3042] Liu, Yi, Xiao, Rujian, Qiu, Yongfu, Fang, Yiqi, and Zhang, Peng, "Flexible Advanced Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Titanium Nitride-based Nanowire Electrodes," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 213, pp. 393-399, Sept. 20, 2016.

[3043] Liu, Yi-Feng, Wang, Brian, Xu, Mingming, Liu, Xiaoping, Chen, Jie Zhu, and Desmith, Michael, "Correlation of On-Die Capacitance for Power Delivery Network," 17th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, San Jose, CA, Oct. 27-29, 2008, pp. 123-126.

[3044] Liu, Ying, Yan, De, Li, Yanhong, Wu, Zhiguo, Zhuo, Renfu, Li, Shuankui, Feng, Juanjuan, Wang, Jun, Yan, Pengxun, and Geng, Zhongrong, "Manganese dioxide nanosheet arrays grown on graphene oxide as an advanced electrode material for supercapacitors," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 117, pp. 528-533, Jan. 20, 2014.

[3045] Liu, Ying, Liu, Lingyang, Kong, Lingbin, Kang, Long, and Ran, Fen, "Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Nano-Vanadium Nitride Incorporated on Porous Carbon Nanospheres Derived from Ionic Amphiphilic Block Copolymers & Vanadium-Contained Ion Assembly Systems," Electrochimica Acta , vol. 211, pp. 469-477, Sept. 1, 2016.

[3046] Liu, Yiyang, and Kim, Doo Young, "Enhancement of Capacitance by Electrochemical Oxidation of Nanodiamond Derived Carbon Nano-Onions," Electrochimica Acta, vol. 139, pp. 82-87, Sept. 1, 2014.

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MMMM

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NNNN

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[3565] Novak, Istvan, "Comparison of Power Distribution Network Design Methods: Bypass Capacitor Selection Based on Time Domain and Frequency Domain Performances," DesignCon 2006, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 6-9, 2006, pp. xx-xx.

[3566] Novak, Istvan, Smith, Larry, Roy, Tanmoy, and Anderson, Raymond, "Correction to "Lossy Power Distribution Networks with Thin Dielectric Layers and/or Thin Conductive Layers"," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 224, May 2001.

[3567] Novak, Istvan, Smith, Larry, Roy, Tanmoy, and Anderson, Raymond, "Correction to "Lossy Power Distribution Networks with Thin Dielectric Layers and/or Thin Conductive Layers"," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 411, Aug. 2001.

[3568] Novak, Istvan, Williams, Kendrick Barry, Miller, Jason R., Blando, Gustavo, and Shannon, Nathaniel, "DC and AC Bias Dependence of Capacitors," DesignCon 2011, Santa Clara, CA, Jan. 31-Feb. 3, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[3569] Novak, Istvan, Williams, Kendrick Barry, Miller, Jason R., Blando, Gustavo, and Shannon, Nathaniel, "DC and AC Bias Dependence of Capacitors Including Temperature Dependence," DesignCon East 2011, Boston, MA, Sept. 27, 2011, pp. xx-xx.

[3570] Novak, Istvan, Noujeim, Leesa M., St. Cyr, Valerie, Biunno, Nicholas, Patel, Atul, Korony, George, and Ritter, Andrew, "Distributed Matched Bypassing for Board-Level Power Distribution Networks," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 230-243, May 2002.

[3571] Novak, Istvan, "Do Bypass Capacitors Change Plane Resonances?," PCB Design 007, Jan. 2012.

[3572] Novak, Istvan, "Do Not Perforate Planes Unnecessarily," PCB Design 007, Nov. 3, 2010.

[3573] Novak, Istvan, Miller, Jason R., "Frequency-Dependent Characterization of Bulk and Ceramic Bypass Capacitors," Proceedings of the 12th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Princeton, NJ, Oct. 27-29, 2003, pp. 101-104.

[3574] Novak, Istvan, "Frequency-Domain Power-Distribution Measurements - An Overview," DesignCon 2003 East, High-Performance System Design Conference, Boston, MA, June 23-25, 2003.

[3575] Novak, Istvan, "Frequency-Domain Power-Distribution Measurements-- An Overview," DesignCon East 2003, Boston, MA, June 2003.

[3576] Novak, Istvan, Blando, Gustavo, and Miller, Jason R., "History of Controlled-ESR Capacitors at SUN," DesignCon 2007 , Santa Clara, CA, Jan. 29-Feb. 1, 2007, pp. xx-xx.

[3577] Novak, Istvan, "Impedance and EMC Characterization Data of Embedded Capacitance Materials," Apex2001, San Diego, CA, Jan. 16-18, 2001.

[3578] Novak, Istvan, Yang, Zhiping, Wojewoda, Leigh, Smith, Larry, Ishida, Hideki, and Shimizu, Masayuki, "Inductance of Bypass Capacitors: How to Define, How to Measure, How to Simulate," DesignCon 2005, Santa Clara, CA, Jan. 31-Feb. 3, 2005, pp. xx-xx.

[3579] Novak, Istvan, "Inductance of Bypass Capacitors, Part I," PCB Design 007, June 23, 2010.

[3580] Novak, Istvan, "Inductance of Bypass Capacitors, Part III," PCB Design 007, Aug. 18, 2010.

[3581] Novak, Istvan, "Lossy Power Distribution Networks with Thin Dielectric Layers and/or Thin Conductive Layers" IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 353-360, Aug. 2000.

[3582] Novak, Istvan, Smith, Larry, and Roy, Tanmoy, "Low Impedance Power Planes with Self Damping," Proceedings of the IEEE 9th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Scottsdale, AZ, Oct. 23-25, 2000, pp. 123-126.

[3583] Novak, Istvan, "Measuring MilliOhms and PicoHenries in Power-Distribution Networks," DesignCon 2000, High-Performance System Design Conference, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 1-4, 2000.

[3584] Novak, Istvan, "New Column: How Many Bypass Capacitors Do We Need?," PCB Design 007, Dec. 23, 2009.

[3585] Novak, Istvan, Pannala, Sreemala, and Miller, Jason. R., "Overview of Some Options to Create Low-Q Controlled-ESR Bypass Capacitors," IEEE 13th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Portland, OR, Oct. 25-27, 2004, pp. xx-xx.

[3586] Novak, Istvan, "PDN Measurements: Reducing Cable-Braid Loop Error," PCB Design 007, Feb. 24, 2010.

[3587] Novak, Istvan, "Powering Digital Boards," Feb. 9, 1999.

[3588] Novak, Istvan, "Probes and Setup for Measuring Power-Plane Impedance with Vector Network Analyzer," 1999 High-Performance System Design Conference, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 1-4, 1999.

[3589] Novak, Istvan, "Probes and Setup for Measuring Power-Plane Impedances with Vector Network Analyzer," DesignCon99 High-Performance System Design Conference , Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 1-4, 1999, pp. 201-215.

[3590] Novak, Istvan, "Probes and Setup for Measuring Power-Plane Impedances with Vector Network Analyzer," DesignCon99 High-Performance System Design Conference, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 1-4, 1999, pp. 201-215.

[3591] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Calculating Basic Resonances in the PDN," PCB Design 007, Jan. 27, 2010.

[3592] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Does Dk Matter for Power Distribution?," PCB Design 007, Aug. 16, 2011.

[3593] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Don't Double-Count Plane Inductance," PCB Design 007, Sept. 29, 2010.

[3594] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: How Thin Laminates Suppress Resonances,", PCB007, June 14, 2011.

[3595] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Inductance of Bypass Capacitors, Part II," PCB Design 007, July 21, 2010.

[3596] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Power Distribution and the Big Bang," PCB Design 007, Dec. 25, 2010.

[3597] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Resonances in Power Planes,", PCB Design 007, May 24, 2011.

[3598] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Simulating Planes with SPICE," PCB Design 007, Oct. 12, 2011.

[3599] Novak, Istvan, "Quiet Power: Will Power Planes Disappear?," PCB Design 007, Apr. 4, 2012.

[3600] Novak, Istvan, "Reducing EMI Noise by Suppressing Power-Distribution Resonances," Sun Microsystems.

[3601] Novak, Istvan, "Reducing Simultaneous Switching Noise and EMI on Ground/Power Planes by Dissipative Edge Termination," Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging , West Point, NY, Oct. 26-28, 1998, pp. 181-184.

[3602] Novak, Istvan, "Reducing Simultaneous Switching Noise and EMI on Ground/Power Planes by Dissipative Edge Termination," IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 274-283, Aug. 1999.

[3603] Novak, Istvan, Miller, Jason R., Blomberg, Eric, "Simulating Complex Power-Ground Plane Shapes with Variable-Size Cell SPICE Grids," Digest of 11th IEEE Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, Monterey, CA, Oct. 21-23, 2002, pp. 265-268.

[3604] Novak, Istvan, Blando, Gustavo, and Miller, Jason R., "Slow-Wave Causal Model for Multi Layer Ceramic Capacitors," DesignCon 2006, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 6-9, 2006, pp. xx-xx.